Cancers of the prostate are categorized as follows: 1)hormone-naive (never having previously received hormone manipulation); 2)androgen-dependent (having received hormonal manipulation but a less than continuous application, i.e., intermittent androgen blockade or with an agent that does not produce a castrate testosterone level, i.e., antiandrogen); 3)androgen independent (progressive disease ...

Sleep is a basic behavior in humans. There are some research reports on the cyclical patterns of different types of sleep and their relationship to breathing, heart rate, brain waves, and other physical function. More recently, scientific research has begun to show how music therapy interacts with relaxation and sleep cycle. This research is focusing on the following hypotheses: 1. Music could ...

The author discusses the health risks associated with early menopause and benefits of hormone replacement therapy to mitigate these alleviate hypoestrogenic symptoms as appropriate for individual patients.

IN 2002, THE WOMEN’S HEALTH INITIATIVE (WHI) RANdomized trial of placebo vs hormone therapy with estrogen and progestin was stopped early because of evidence of harm. Sales of combined estrogen-progestin plummeted 32% between the period immediately before the study’s release and the analogous period 1 year later, as the WHI trial had shown that hormone therapy increased a woman’s risk of breast...

Background: Premature ovarian failure (POF) is defined by the association of amenorrhea, hypoestrogenism and elevated (menopausal) levels of serum gonadotropins before age of 40 years-old. This condition affects approximately %1 of women under 40 years of age. Physiologic replacement of ovarian steroid hormones seems rational until the age of normal menopause. Temporary return of ovarian functi...

Advances in Therapy for Hormone Receptor (HR)-Positive, Human Epidermal Growth Factor 2 (HER2)-Negative Advanced Breast Cancer Patients Who Have Experienced Progression After Treatment with CDK4/6 Inhibitors

OBJECTIVE Hormone therapy for prostate cancer has empirically prevailed in Japan. We planned to evaluate the trends and outcome of hormone therapy for establishing an adequate guideline. METHODS Patients with prostate cancer who were initially treated by hormone therapy were registered through the J-CaP registration system. This report summarizes the background factors. RESULTS From January...

OBJECTIVE Two surveys (Harris and Rose surveys) were conducted to quantify the use of compounded hormone therapy (CHT; or bioidentical hormone therapy) among perimenopausal and postmenopausal women in the United States, to assess women's knowledge of CHT versus Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved hormone therapy, and to gather information on menopausal experience. METHODS The Harris s...

OBJECTIVE Hormone therapy use has been positively associated with mammographic density in several studies. However, few studies have examined the association between endogenous hormone levels and mammographic density. Therefore, we evaluated the relationship of endogenous sex hormones, insulin-like growth factor (IGF), and lipids with mammographic density in 88 overweight, postmenopausal women ...