Performance data obtained from measurements of process variables usually do not obey material and energy conservation laws. This is why a data reconciliation process, that is, the adjustment of measured data to obey the conservation laws and other constraints is necessary in order to characterize the real performance of equipment, processes, or the whole plant. The information on the partial lo...

Due to the merits of energy saving and environmental protection, the absorption chiller (AC) has attracted a lot of attention, and previous studies only concentrated on the dynamic response of the AC under a single working condition. However, the working conditions are usually variable, and the dynamic performance under different working conditions is beneficial for the adjustment of AC and the...

The demand for sustainable alternative construction materials to cement in modern technology cannot be underemphasized. This paper presents a non-fired green brick with an agriculture residue namely, rice husk. Although, high plasticity brown clay deposits are widely distributed in Malaysia and rice husk is a well known agriculture residue, research works on non-fired green brick with rice husk...

It is well known that heat pumps, while being all limited by the same basic thermodynamic laws, may find realization on systems as "small" and "quantum" as a three-level maser. In order to quantitatively assess how the performance of these devices scales with their size, we design generalized N-dimensional ideal heat pumps by merging N-2 elementary three-level stages. We set them to operate in ...

The chilled-water systems, mainly consisting of electric chillers and cooling towers, are crucial for the ventilating and air conditioning systems in commercial buildings. Energy efficient operation of such systems is thus important for the energy saving of commercial buildings. This paper presents an extremum seeking control (ESC) scheme for energy efficient operation of the chilled-water syst...

The operation of air-cooled chillers accounts for significant energy consumption in local commercial buildings, and low operational efficiency especially under partial load conditions and poor control are part of reasons for such huge energy consumption. Chiller efficiency can be improved by enhancing heat transfer rate in condensers. This paper considers how the chiller performance can be impr...

The lithium bromide chillers supplied from solar collectors are used to provide proper environmental conditions into industrial and civil buildings. To maintain the appropriate values for the temperature into the chiller's boiler, a control unit is introduced to avoid crystallization of the absorbent. The liquid flow process of the absorbent within the pipes of the chiller is a non-linear proce...

GAS-FUELED ENGINE-DRIVEN AIR CONDITIONING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS FOR COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS Bruce B. Lindsay Project Manager commercial Space conditioning Gas Research Institute 8600 W. Bryn Mawr Avenue Chicago, IL 60631 Since 1985, the author has been involved in a program to develop a nominal 150 ton gas-fueled engine-driven water chiller for commercial buildings. The packaged system has bee...