In design of anaerobic bioreactor, rate equation is commonly used. Mathematical model was developed at steady state condition, to project concentration of gaseous substrate and product in biological oxidation of carbon monoxide with water to produce hydrogen and carbon dioxide. The concept of bioconversion was based on transport of CO from gas phase to liquid phase, as the CO consumption was in...

recent developments in hydrogen production by thermochemical water decomposition are reported,with an emphasis on hydrogen production from non-fossil energy sources such as nuclear and solar. numerousdevelopments have been made on sulphur-iodine, copper-chlorine and other thermochemicalcycles. efforts are described to lower the temperatures required in thermochemical cycles, so as to broadenthe...

During hepatopulmonary syndrome caused by liver cirrhosis, pulmonary endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase (NOS) expression and NO production are increased. Increased NO contributes to the blunted hypoxic pressor response (HPR) during cirrhosis and may induce heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression and carbon monoxide (CO) production, exacerbating the blunted HPR. We hypothesized that NO regulates ...

Medulloblastoma (MB), a neuroectodermal tumor arising in the cerebellum, represents the most frequent childhood brain malignancy. Current treatments for MB combine radiation and chemotherapy and are often associated with relevant side effects; novel therapeutic strategies are urgently needed. N-(4-Hydroxyphenyl) retinamide (4-HPR, fenretinide), a synthetic analogue of all-trans retinoic acid, h...

Previous investigations have demonstrated that a synthetic retinoid, N-(4-hydroxyphenyl) retinamide (4-HPR), inhibits the invasion of prostate adenocarcinoma in vitro. Urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) is a prerequisite for tumor invasion. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of 4-HPR on uPA and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) in prostate cancer. Human prosta...

The Lactococcus lactis ptsH and ptsI genes, encoding the general proteins of the phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase system, HPr and enzyme I, respectively, were cloned, and the regulatory role of HPr was studied by mutational analysis of its gene. A promoter sequence was identified upstream of the ptsHI operon, and the transcription start site was mapped by primer extension. The r...

BACKGROUND Patients with reduced responsiveness to clopidogrel often have diminished platelet inhibition, a factor associated with increased rates of major adverse cardiovascular events. Clinical trials that have focused on reducing high on-treatment platelet reactivity (HPR) with an additional loading dose of clopidogrel have reported varying effects. Prasugrel, a newer thienopyridine, exhibit...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE High plasma levels of fenretinide [N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)retinamide (4-HPR)] were associated with improved outcome in a phase II clinical trial. Low bioavailability of 4-HPR has been limiting its therapeutic applications. This study characterized metabolism of 4-HPR in humans and mice, and to explore the effects of ketoconazole, an inhibitor of CYP3A4, as a modulator to incr...

4-oxo-N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)retinamide (4-oxo-4-HPR) is a recently identified metabolite of fenretinide (4-HPR). We explored the effectiveness of 4-oxo-4-HPR in inducing cell growth inhibition in ovarian, breast, and neuroblastoma tumor cell lines; moreover, we investigated the molecular events mediating this effect in two ovarian carcinoma cell lines, one sensitive (A2780) and one resistant (A278...