Abstract Ignorance is commonly assumed to be a lack of knowledge in Plato’s Socratic dialogues. I challenge that assumption. In the Protagoras , ignorance conceived substantive, structural psychic flaw—the soul’s domination by inferior elements are nature fit ruled. Ignorant people characterized both false beliefs about evaluative matters specific situations and an enduring deception their own ...

The question whether a scientist can be responsible for an outcome of her work which she does not foresee, and so is ignorant of, is addressed. It is argued that ignorance can be a ground for the attribution of responsibility, on condition that there are general principles, rules or norms, that the subject should be aware of. It is maintained that there are such rules which inform the practice ...

Epistemic indefinites make an existential claim and convey that the speaker does not know which individual makes this claim true. The account put forward by Aloni and Port [3, 2] —which we will dub ‘the Lack of Relevant Identification Approach’— defends that ‘not knowing who’ means that the speaker cannot identify the individual that satisfies the existential claim in a contextually relevant wa...

Abstract: To understand the dynamics of the manufacturer’s effort to reduce pollution in a supply chain consisting of manufacturer, retailer, and consumers, we analyze four cases according to consumer awareness of the pollution’s harmful effect, i.e., environmentally aware versus ignorant, and supply chain coordination, i.e., competitive versus cooperative. Applying differential games, we deriv...

primitive  neuroectodermal  tumor  (pnet)  of  kidney  is  an  extremely  rare  renal  neoplasm  with only about fifty reported cases in literature.  presumably,of neural crest origin, these tumors behave  aggressively  and  carry  a  poor prognosis.  we  report  a  case  of  22-year  old  female  patient complaining of left loin pain with recurrent hematuria for last 3 months. on clinical exam...