BACKGROUND Crataeva nurvala Buch.-Ham. (Family: Capparidaceae) is widely used as anti-inflammatory, contraceptive, laxative, lithotropic, febrifuge and as tonic in traditional medicine. This study evaluated the antinociceptive effect of the methanolic extract of the leaves of Crataeva nurvala (MECN). METHODS The antinociceptive activity was investigated using heat-induced (hot-plate and tail-...

To examine how repeated cooling of fingers with a rest pause schedule at work affects cold-induced vasodilatation (CIVD), pain and cold sensation in fingers, six healthy men aged 21 to 23 years immersed their left index fingers six times in stirred water at 10 degrees C for 10 minutes. After each cold-water immersion of the fingers, 5-minute rest pause was taken to observe the recovery process ...

The objective of this study was to measure discolouration using a digital camera on various types of clear orthodontic elastic modules, immersion solutions, and time periods to determine whether the cause of discolouration of these modules was due to simple staining, chemical degradation, or both. Three types of clear orthodontic elastomeric modules were investigated [Plastic ligatures (AO); Po...

The purposes of the present study were to compare the cardiovascular response patterns evoked by three versions of the cold pressor test (either forehead stimulation or hand or foot immersion) and to determine the reproducibility of the responses over a 2-week interval. Blood pressure, heart rate, stroke volume, cardiac output, total peripheral resistance, and systolic time intervals were obtai...

statement of problem: resin composites are a common type of tooth coloured restorative materials. these materials are brittle and their major shortcomings are sensitivity to flaws and defects, low tensile strength, and susceptibility to catastrophic failure.the role of home bleaching agents on the fracture toughness of resin composites using four-point bending test is scanty. objectives: to com...

Introduction: Opposite observations about the discrepancy in the pain perception between male and female has been reported. In this regard, pain thresholds among male and female rats in different phases of oestrous cycle were evaluated via tail immersion test. In addition, efficiency of alcoholic extract of datura stramonium as an analgesic plant in the modulation of acute pain threshold has be...

BACKGROUND Cryotherapy has been associated with a significant decrease in nerve conduction velocity and muscle contraction with possible effects on exercise and physical training. OBJECTIVES To quantify the electromyographic response of the lateral gastrocnemius, tibialis anterior, fibularis longus, rectus femoris and gluteus medius to ankle inversion following cold water immersion. METHOD ...

Introduction: Glass ionomer cement (GIC) is a dental restorative material that is prone to solubility and degradation. GIC could degrade in presence of water and desiccation due to environmental factors during setting process and eventually might lead to the failure of the restoration. Cigarette smoking brings a complex chemical mixture to oral cavity that can inhibit polymeriz...

The purpose of this experiment was to study the impact of simulated microgravity and of chronic removal of hydrostatic pressure gradients on blood pressure maturation and body growth in rats. A special device was developed in our laboratory to transfer prolonged "dry" water immersion (a technique that has been used for training astronauts under hypogravic conditions) to six Sprague-Dawley test ...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the hardness (KHN), color stability (DE), and superficial micromorphology of two categories of composites after immersion in either distilled water or grape juice for up to 45 days. MATERIAL AND METHODS Cylindrical specimens (6 mm diameter x 2 mm thick) were obtained according to the factors: composite [Opallis (FGM) and Filtek Z350XT (3M ESPE)]; immersion solution (dist...