The concept of beauty is closely linked to gender in contemporary society; in this study, the concept of beauty was explored by the use of phenomenological techniques. For this purpose, an in-depth semi-structured interview was conducted among 35 young female students in Tehran. the sample of study was chosen by theoretical sampling model and the interviews were continued up to the point of  ga...

Women's ability to broadly conceptualize beauty (i.e., perceive many looks, appearances, body sizes/shapes, and inner characteristics as beautiful) has been identified as a facet of positive body image in qualitative research. A scale is needed to be able to assess this construct within quantitative research. Therefore, we developed the Broad Conceptualization of Beauty Scale (BCBS), which meas...

This paper develops a general equilibrium exchange rate model consistent with the weak empirical evidence supporting the law of one price. Some firms segment markets by country, and set prices in local currency of sale, a practice we refer to as pricing-to-market (PTM). The presence of PTM increases exchange rate volatility, relative to a situation where the law of one price holds. PTM also aff...

Using data from representative samples of the Australian population in the 1980s and 2000s we make two main contributions to analysis of the economic effects of beauty. First, we broaden analysis of the effects of beauty beyond the labour market to examine its relation to household income. We find that beauty significantly affects total household income – primarily via respondents’ probability ...

In this paper, based on the contemporary theory of cognitive metaphor, the metaphoric functions of Jamal (Beauty) and the clusters of images related to it, namely the world, man, face, sun, mirror, etc. in Mawlavi's lyrics are explained. In theology, the motif of conceptual metaphor of Jamal is Ro'yat (vision). Finding its way into mysticism, "vision" is expressed in the metaphor of B...

We evaluate two competing accounts of the relationship between beauty and category structure. According to the similarity-based view, beauty arises from category structure such that central items are favored due to their increased fluency. In contrast, the theory-based view holds that people's theories of beauty shape their perceptions of categories. In the present study, subjects learned to ca...

We measure the impact of individuals’ looks on their life satisfaction or happiness. Using four data sets, the Quality of American Life surveys from the 1970s, the British National Child Development Study, and the Wisconsin Longitudinal Survey, we construct the beauty measures in different ways that allow putting a lower bound on the true effects of beauty. Personal beauty raises happiness, wit...

Beautiful people earn more. Surprisingly, this premium is often larger for men than for women, and is independent of customer contact, e.g., even in software engineering. Overlooked is the possibility that beauty can influence college admissions. We investigate this academic contributor to the labor market beauty premium by sampling 1,800 social media profiles of students from universities rank...

This paper explores the specific criticism of directed altruistic living organ donation that it creates a 'beauty contest' between potential recipients of organs. The notion of the beauty contest in transplantation was recently used by Neidich et al who stated that '[a]ltruism should be the guiding motivation for all donations, and when it [is], there is no place for a beauty contest'. I examin...

A growing literature claims beautiful workers receive higher wages. Using five nationallevel surveys, we find that in multivariate regression models there is no beauty premium. Most beauty coefficients are statistically insignificant, even in replications of published work. Simple model alterations, such as clustering on the primary sampling unit or redefining other covariates, eliminate much o...