Introduction: Nitric oxide (NO) is a neuronal messenger molecule in the central nervous system, which is generated from L-arginine by nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and involves in many important opioid-induced effects. Our previous studies revealed that Cuminum cyminum interestingly reduces morphine sensitization, tolerance and dependency in male mice. Therefore, in the present study, the effe...

the effects of cholecystokinin (cck) receptor antagonists on hypothermia induced by cocaine or morphine have been studied in mice. in the present work, subcutaneous (sc) injection of cocaine (50-150 mg/kg) or morphine (125-500 mg/kg) induced hypothermia in mice. administration of ccka receptor antagonist mk-329 (0.5-1.5 mg/kg), cckb receptor antagonist l-365, 260 (0.5-1.5 mgl kg) and cck recept...

the methanolic extract of leaves of turnera ulmifolia l was evaluated for its effect on blood glucose in alloxan-induced diabetic and euglycemic rats. the extract were administered at three doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg, p.o. glibenclamide (10 mg/kg, p.o.) was used as standard for control group. in euglycemic rat, extract were administered at three doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg, p.o. extrac...

In 1997, Fang proposed the concept of boundedness of $L$-fuzzy setsin $L$-topological vector spaces. Since then, this concept has beenwidely accepted and adopted in the literature. In this paper,several characterizations of bounded $L$-fuzzy sets in$L$-topological vector spaces are obtained and some properties ofbounded $L$-fuzzy sets are investigated.

objective(s):  this study was undertaken to investigate the protective effects of vitamin b6, cofactor for cystathionine-γ lyase and cystathionine-β synthase (producers of h2s), alone and in combination with l-cysteine, h2s precursor, on indomethacin-, and ethanol-induced gastric lesions in male nmri mice. materials and methods: fasted male nmri mice were randomly assigned into 12 groups (7 in ...

The methanolic extract of leaves of Turnera ulmifolia L was evaluated for its effect on blood glucose in alloxan-induced diabetic and euglycemic rats. The extract were administered at three doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg, p.o. Glibenclamide (10 mg/kg, p.o.) was used as standard for control group. In euglycemic rat, extract were administered at three doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg, p.o. Extr...

a b s t r a c t introduction: mercury is the second most metal pollutant in the world and has the potential to induce many pathologic conditions, especially in nervous system, such as depression. here we tried to find out if nitric oxide has any possible role in the pathophysiology of depression induced by this metal. although the role of nitric oxide has been shown in mood control, here we use...

introduction: the mechanisms of hepatic encephalopathy are not fully understood. moreover, there is no comprehensive data concerning the effects of nitric oxide (no) system on anxiolytic-like behaviors induced by bile duct ligation (bdl). methods: male mice weighing 25-30 g were used and anxiety-like behaviors were tested using hole-board task. results: the data indicated that cholestasis incre...