The proprioceptive inputs from the cervical musculature play an important role in head-eye co-ordination and postural processes. Deep cervical muscles in humans are shown to have high spindle content. The density, distribution and morphology of muscle spindles were studied in superior oblique capitis, inferior oblique capitis and rectus capitis posterior major and minor three small suboccipital...

purpose: to describe the clinical findings, preoperative radiologic findings and results of surgery in a patient with congenital bilateral hypoplasia of medial rectus muscle case report: a 50-year-old man presented with large angle incomitant horizontal deviation with marked deficit of adduction of both eyes. mri finding defined very thin medial rectus muscle. intraoperatively medial rectus mus...

The conventional exposure of a horizontal rectus muscle is through conjunctival and Tenon's capsule incisions directly over the muscle. This results in a visible scar and in some patients is conspicuously unattractive. Therefore, a surgical method that hides the scar behind the eyelid should be welcomed by both the surgeon and patient. To accomplish this objective the medial and lateral rectus ...

PURPOSE To evaluate the extraocular muscle enlargement in dysthyroid opthalmopathy. METHOD Extraocular muscle enlargement was assessed by orbital computed tomography (CT) in 573 patients with dysthyroid ophthalmopathy in order to investigate the frequency and exact location of extraocular muscle enlargement and the clinical features of related ocular symptoms in patients with dysthyroid ophth...

249 words; text 6,646 words; 8 figures. Articles in PresS. J Neurophysiol (July 20, 2005). doi:10.1152/jn.01157.2004 Copyright © 2005 by the American Physiological Society. Demer and Clark Extraocular Muscle MRI During Ocular Counter-rolling JN-01157-2004.R2, page 2 Abstract The rectus extraocular muscle (EOM) pulleys constrain EOM paths. During visual fixation with head immobile, actively-cont...

Introduction: Rectus sheath hematomas can result from shearing of rectus muscle fibers or injury to the inferior epigastric vessels, which is the most common vascular injury to occur at the time of laparoscopic surgery. Case Description: We describe a case of a rectus sheath hematoma that was diagnosed 5 days after operative laparoscopy. We review the clinical presentation, diagnostic criteria,...

AIMS To examine the postoperative stability of inferior rectus recession, with particular reference to the incidence of progressive overcorrection. METHODS The results of consecutive patients undergoing inferior rectus recession over a 3 year period were reviewed. RESULTS 21 patients underwent inferior rectus recession, using an adjustable suture technique in all but three cases. In 16 pati...

BACKGROUND/AIMS Some patients with restrictive thyroid ophthalmopathy, referred for consideration of extraocular muscle surgery, complained of flashing lights in the superior visual field on upgaze. The frequency was assessed and the pathogenesis of this previously unreported symptom explored. METHODS 30 patients were recruited, all of whom had tight inferior recti and were in the burnt out p...