purpose: to report a case of partial agenesis of the inferior rectus muscle in a child who was presented because of ocular misalignment and a deficient depression of the right eye. patient and findings: the patient was a 4-year-old girl. preoperative ct scans confirmed the clinical diagnosis of inferior rectus agenesis. the patient underwent augmented transposition of horizontal recti muscles w...

blow out fracture is a common disease in oculoplastics clinics. one of indication for surgical intervention is entrapment of inferior rectus muscle in the fractured site. in this article authors represent two cases with this disease who underwent surgery for the entrapment of perimuscular fascia without inferior rectus muscle involvement. the results of treatment in both cases were excellent. t...

purpose: to evaluate the clinical manifestations and surgical results in patients with double elevator palsy operated at labbafinejad eye center from 1993 to 2004. methods: the study was conduct on hospital records of 20 patients with double elevator palsy. patients were classified in three groups including primary elevator muscle palsy (9 subjects), primary supranuclear palsy with secondary in...

PURPOSE To examine the characteristics of excyclotropia correction through surgery on the inferior rectus muscle in patients with thyroid eye disease. METHODS This was a retrospective, observational study at a single institution. We reviewed 36 patients who had undergone unilateral inferior rectus muscle recession, with or without nasal inferior rectus muscle transposition. The following fact...

purpose: compaison of excyclotorsion induced by horizontal transposition of vertical rectus muscles versus vertical transposition of horizontal rectus muscles in rabbit eyes. methods: in this exprimental study, group 1 underwent full tendon nasal transposition of the superior rectus and full tendon temporal transposition of the inferior rectus (10 adult rabbits); group 2 underwent superior tran...

Purpose To report a case of inferior rectus muscle hypoplasia with esotropia, which was treated successfully by resection and anterior transposition of the inferior oblique muscle. Observations A 1-year-old boy presented with esotropia. He had esotropia of 15-30° and intermittent left hypertropia. At the age of 3 years, the alternate prism cover test showed esotropia of 35Δ and left hypertrop...

PURPOSE To report masked superior oblique muscle tightness as a possible mechanism causing A-pattern exotropia with intorsion after inferior rectus muscle recession in the context of thyroid eye disease. METHODS Three patients with thyroid eye disease and involvement of the superior oblique muscle are presented, along with a fourth comparison case without superior oblique muscle involvement. ...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy of treating Knapp class II superior oblique muscle palsy with 7-mm nasal transposition of the ipsilateral inferior rectus muscle combined with recession of the contralateral inferior rectus muscle when the primary position hypertropia is 10 prism diopters (PD) or less. METHOD A retrospective review of 8 consecutive patients with superior oblique muscle pares...

Although there is detailed knowledge on the organization of the motor neurons supplying the extraocular muscles, there are still some discrepancies concerning the results of different studies. This study is planned to reexamine the distribution of the motor neurons in the oculomotor nucleus of the rat. In the present study we used 20 young adult Sprague-Dawley rats in four groups which represen...

OBJECTIVE To report the effect of weakening the superior rectus and inferior oblique (IO) muscles on ocular rotations. DESIGN Observational case series. We reviewed a 10-year period of medical records of consecutive patients who underwent bilateral 5- to 11-mm (mean, 8.0 mm; SD, 1.1 mm) superior rectus muscle recessions combined with an IO muscle recession, myectomy, or anterior transposition...