Gastrointestinal absorption and disposition of ketones is complex. Recent work describing the pharmacokinetics (PK) of d-β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) following oral ingestion of a ketone monoester ((R)-3-hydroxybutyl (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate) found multiple input sites, nonlinear disposition and feedback on endogenous production. In the current work, a human systems pharmacology model for gastrointesti...

A straightforward and convenient approach for trifluoromethylthiolation of various acyclic and cyclic ketones with PhNHSCF3 is described. The reaction proceeds smoothly in the presence of acetyl chloride at room temperature and affords α-trifluoromethylthiolated ketones in fair to good yields.

Although much feared by clinicians, the ability to produce ketones has allowed humans to withstand prolonged periods of starvation. At such times, ketones can supply up to 50% of basal energy requirements. More interesting, however, is the fact that ketones can provide as much as 70% of the brain's energy needs, more efficiently than glucose. Studies suggest that during times of acute brain inj...

When exposed to hypoxia, intact mice, with elevated blood ketones, live longer than mice with normal blood ketones. To evaluate a possible mechanism responsible for this phenomenon a rat brain slice preparation was used to determine if brain tissue would utilize glucose or ketones preferentially during exposure to reduced oxygen. Reducing available oxygen in the incubation medium from 95%, in s...

The diastereomers of ketones 2 and 3 are shown to exhibit distinct photochemical reactivities due to conformational preferences; while the anti isomers of 2 and 3 undergo efficient Yang cyclization in 75-90% yields with a remarkable diastereoselectivity (> 90%), the syn isomers predominantly undergo Norrish Type II elimination. The differences in the product profiles of the diastereomers are co...

Asymmetric addition of arylboroxines to δ-aryl-α,β,γ,δ-unsaturated ketones proceeded in the presence of an iridium catalyst coordinated with a chiral diene ligand to give high yields of δ-diaryl ketones with very high enantioselectivity.

Catalytic synthesis of chiral spirocyclic ketones was accomplished via the Pd-catalyzed intramolecular α-arylation of α-substituted cyclic ketones. The obtained spirocyclic ketone could be converted into a bifunctional organocatalyst.

The asymmetric reduction of ketones is performed by using lyophilized whole cells in neat substrates with defined water activity (a(w)). Ketones and alcohols prone to be unstable in aqueous media can now be converted via biocatalysis.

We detail our efforts toward the selective detection of cyclic ketones, e.g. cyclohexanone, a component of plasticized explosives. Thin films comprised of a conjugated polymer are used to amplify the emission of an emissive receptor via energy transfer. We propose that the energy transfer is dominated by an electron-exchange mechanism to an upper excited state of the fluorophore followed by rel...

Gem-dihydroperoxides as nearly stable peroxidic derivatives of aldehydes and ketones are known important intermediates in synthesis of anti-malaria drugs. Also, because containing high concentration of peroxidic oxygen, recently, some of these compounds have been used as solid, efficient and powerful oxidants in many oxidation organic reactions. Generally, these compounds are synthesiz...