One of the most remarkable features of globalization is the fact that advances in technology have contributed to reducing the cost of trade (e.g., transportation and communication costs), and thus boosted international trade. Under these circumstances, the importance of distance should have diminished over time, which would constitute a boon for countries located far from the main centers of ec...

the increase of greenhouse gases (ghg) in which co2 emissions constitute the principal component, is of major environmental problems of all societies. economic growth impels intensive use of resources and as a result, more residues and wastes thrown in the nature that could lead to environmental degradation. this article tries to trace the eventual relationship between trade openness and enviro...

The principal aim of this paper is to identify, in the context of the relationship between openness and growth, factors that can account for the poor growth performance of subSaharan African (SSA) countries. Including inequality as a broad measure of policy distortions, attention focuses on policy and non-policy barriers to trade, indicators of openness and resource endowments. The empirical an...