The RNA-binding ability of ribosomal protein L1 is of profound interest since the protein has a dual function as a ribosomal protein binding rRNA and as a translational repressor binding its mRNA. Here, we report the crystal structure of ribosomal protein L1 in complex with a specific fragment of its mRNA and compare it with the structure of L1 in complex with a specific fragment of 23S rRNA de...

The PD-L1 protein has an extracellular domain, a transmembrane domain and an intracellular domain. The extracellular domain (ECD) of the PD-L1 protein is comprised of IgC–like and IgV-like domains [2]. The ECD of PD-L1 interacts with the programmed death 1 (PD-1, also known as PDCD1) and B7.1 receptors. Blocking of the PD-L1 molecule with antibodies blocks cancer cells from killing cytotoxic T ...

Chordomas are primary malignant tumors of the notochord that are resistant to conventional chemotherapy. Expression of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1), prevalence of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), and their clinical relevance in chordoma remain unknown. We evaluated PD-L1 expression in three chordoma cell lines and nine chordoma tissue samples by western blot. Immunohistochemical...

BACKGROUND FKBP51 is a co-chaperone with isomerase activity, abundantly expressed in glioma. We previously identified a spliced isoform (FKBP51s) and highlighted a role for this protein in the upregulation of Programmed Death Ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression in melanoma. Because gliomas can express PD-L1 causing a defective host anti-tumoral immunity, we investigated whether FKBP51s was expressed in...

BACKGROUND We have investigated the possibility and feasibility of producing the HPV-11 L1 major capsid protein in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana ecotype Columbia and Nicotiana tabacum cv. Xanthi as potential sources for an inexpensive subunit vaccine. RESULTS Transformation of plants was only achieved with the HPV-11 L1 gene with the C-terminal nuclear localization signal (NLS-) encoding re...

Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is a membrane protein on tumor cells that binds to the PD-1 receptor expressed on immune cells, leading to the immune escape of tumor cells. Yes-associated protein (YAP) is a main effector of the Hippo/YAP signaling pathway, which plays important roles in cancer development. Here we show that YAP regulates PD-L1 expression in human non-small cell lung cancer (N...

Human papillomavirus (HPV) major capsid protein L1 is an important vehicle for the delivery of epitopes. To investigate the expression and immunogenicity of hybridized HPV6b L1 containing multiepitope of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) latency membrane protein 2 (LMP2), a recombinant plasmid pcDNA3.1(+) containing mammalian codon-optimization HPV6b L1 gene and EBV LMP2 multiepitope was constructed. Th...

abstract- to investigate the effect of draught stress on water relations, stomatal density, chlorophyll content and yield of rapeseed, an experiment was done with four levels of drought stress including l1 (field capacity, fc), l2 (70% available water content, awc), l3 (50% awc), and l4 (30% awc), within three growth stages- including stem elongation (t1), onset of flowering (t2) and silique fo...

The ubiquitin–proteasome system (UPS) participates in the degradation of proteins which play an important role regulating cell cycle, apoptosis, and angiogenesis, as well immune system. These processes are carcinogenesis. Transitional carcinoma (TCC) is one predominant types bladder cancer. relationship between cancer progression has become a topic increasing interest among researchers. In this...

The human papillomavirus (HPV) E2 protein is a multifunctional protein essential for the control of virus gene expression, genome replication and persistence. E2 is expressed throughout the differentiation-dependent virus life cycle and is functionally regulated by association with multiple viral and cellular proteins. Here, we show for the first time to our knowledge that HPV16 E2 directly ass...