How did people in preIndustrial ancient civilizations produce and distribute bulk items, such as salt, needed for everyday use by their large urban populations? This report focuses on the ancient Maya who obtained quantities of salt at cities in the interior of the Yucatan peninsula of Mexico, Belize, and Guatemala in an area where salt is scarce. I report the discovery of 41 Late Classic Maya ...

proportionality of wheat cultivars growth patterns to the area’s agro climatic condition will improve crop production. the objective of this study was identifying the phenology of a wide range of wheat varieties in iran, as well as evaluating the relationship between phenology and drought stress tolerance under late season drought stress. in this experiment, 36 wheat genotypes were studied unde...

Alaskan salmon stocks have exhibited enormous fluctuations in production during the 20th century. In this paper, we investigate our hypothesis that large-scale salmon-production variability is driven by climatic processes in the Northeast Pacific Ocean. Using a time-series analytical technique known as intervention analysis, we demonstrate that Alaskan salmonids alternate between high and low p...

Lean manufacturing is a systematic approach to identifying and eliminating wastes (non-value added activities) through continuous improvement by conveying the product at the pull of the customer in pursuit of production. In a more basic term, more value with less work. Since lean manufacturing eliminates many of the problems associated with poor production scheduling and line balancing, lean ma...

In this short note we present a minimal system to deal with overloaded functions with late binding, in which λ-abstractions are seen as a special case of overloaded functions with just one code. We prove some relevant properties that this system enjoys, and show its connection with the λ&-calculus. We end by showing the practical interest of this system, in particular in modeling object-oriente...

Recently, we reported the discovery of several potential rodent reservoirs of hantaviruses in western (Holochilus chacarius) and eastern Paraguay (Akodon montensis, Oligoryzomys chacoensis, and O. nigripes). Comparisons of the hantavirus S- and M-segments amplified from these four rodents revealed significant differences from each another and from other South American hantaviruses. The ALP stra...

In this data article, we present the structural and PARD data of the Ln-MOFs. Detailed structure, luminescence and sensing properties were discussed in our previous study (Zeng et al., in press) [1] The data includes the SBU structure patterns of these Ln-MOFs, thermostability of Ln-MOFs in water and also detailed structure information listed in Table 1, Table 2, Table 3, Table 4, Table 5, Tabl...

Late memory T cell skewing is observed in the setting of immune recovery after cord blood transplantation, and may be associated with inferior control of viral reactivation and cancers. Therefore, we sought to understand how late memory cells differ functionally from earlier stage memory T cells, and whether surface phenotypes associated with differentiation stages were predictably associated w...

To achieve the goal of realizing object adaptation to environments, a new role-based model Epsilon and a language Bunraku is proposed. The model is explained with some examples and especially the Visitor pattern is examined in detail for evaluating the model. Implementation of Bunraku is also reported.

Innovative algorithms have been developed during the past decade for simulating Newtonian physics for macromolecules. A major goal is alleviation of the severe requirement that the integration timestep be small enough to resolve the fastest components of the motion and thus guarantee numerical stability. This timestep problem is challenging if strictly faster methods with the same all-atom reso...