Some scholars have noted that an impressive number of self-related terms have been gradually introduced in the scientific literature. Several of these terms are either ill-defined or synonymous, creating confusion, and redundancy. In an effort to minimize this problem, I present a novel and systematic way of looking at possible relations between several key self-terms. I also propose a tentativ...

A strong recent focus on unconscious processes has increased interest in subliminal stimulation and other experimental activation technologies. Five experiments using male and female university students (N = 365) were carried out to compare 5-ms exposures of "mommy and I" stimuli with 5-ms control stimulation. Measures of self-mother similarity and other variables taken 7-14 days after exposure...

the readiness for self-directed learning among the students and its role in improving life-long learning skills has been emphasized recently. the present descriptive study aimed at analyzing the self-directed learning skills possessed by the students of agriculture at tarbiat modares university, tehran, iran (n= 414). as far as methodological design is concerned, the study has utilized krejcie ...

The Pediatric Volitional Questionnaire (PVQ) is a 15- item play-based assessment of a child's motivational strengths and weaknesses in various settings based on the Model of Human Occupation. A previous study examined the PVQ's ability to provide a valid measure of volition in ten non-disabled children. This study combined data from the previous study with data on eight children with disabiliti...

2 The purpose of this chapter is to evaluate the relation between the 21 st Century Competencies (21CC) and self-regulated learning (SRL). The 21CC framework emerged out of efforts to improve and reform educational systems in order to better prepare students to be for 21 st Century Skills, 2009a, 2009b). Within this framework, competencies move beyond simple content area knowledge or skills to ...

In a series of 4 experiments, we provide evidence that--in addition to having an affective component--envy may also have important consequences for cognitive processing. Our first experiment (N = 69) demonstrated that individuals primed with envy better attended to and more accurately recalled information about fictitious peers than did a control group. Studies 2 (N = 187) and 3 (N = 65) concep...