We examine the relative ability of inflation targeting and price level monetary policy rules to minimize variability business cycle fluctuations in a commodity-exporting country for supply demand shocks global commodity markets. The macroeconomic consequences oil non-oil primary commodities differ affect merits alternative frameworks. Particularly, consumption refined products demand-driven mov...

Since the 2007 crisis, macroeconomists have been interested in monetary policies that could help with stabilizing inflation and output (Honkapohja, 2015). Two ideas gained particular attention: (i) should be replaced by nominal price level (PLT) as target for central bank; (ii) bank provide explicit guidance about its interest rate rule. We conduct a laboratory experiment to test validity of th...

the purpose of this study, determining the optimal cultivation pattern by using interval mathematical programming approach among the farmers of esfarayen county before and after targeting the subsidies. for this purpose, farmers based on water resources classified in three group of using the river water, deep wells water and rainfed cultivation. the required data for this study has been obtaine...

among the drug delivery and targeting (ddt) routes, lung alveolar epithelium has been given enormous attentions in terms of the delivery of a wide range of macromolecules such as gene- or protein-based nanopharmaceuticals. however, little is known about cellular modulation of lung transport characteristics by endogenous and/or exogenous agents. thus, in the current study, impact of dexamethason...

introduction bacterial infection is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality especially in developing countries. nuclear medicine has an important role in helping the diagnosis of deep-seated infections by developing more specific radiopharmaceuticals. the aim of this study was to evaluate 99mtc-labeling ceftriaxone as a new radiopharmaceutical for staphylococcus aureus infection imag...

Introduction: Glioblastoma multiform is the most common malignant brain tumor, with an invasive nature. Despite the development of conventional therapies such as surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, because of high recurrence rates, the prognosis remains very poor. Over the last decade, nanotechnology has represented an innovative method as nanoparticle-based drug delivery ...