The chain-branching process leading to ignition in the high-temperature hydrogenoxygen mixing layer is studied by application of a novel WKB-like method when, as is typically the case, two branching radicals cannot be assumed to maintain steady state. It is shown that the initiation reactions, responsible for the early radical buildup, cease being important when the radical mass fractions reach...

Polymers are the products of processes and their microstructure can be changed significantly by the reactor systems employed, especially for nonlinear polymers. The Monte Carlo simulation technique, based on the random sampling technique, is used to explore the effect of reactor types on the branched polymer structure, formed through free-radical polymerization with simultaneous long-chain bran...

Long-chain branching (LCB) with peroxydicarbonates (PODIC) is known as a suitable post-reactor process to introduce strain-hardening behaviour and an increase of melt strength to a linear polypropylene (PP). This opens up new possibilities for processing and therefore application. Especially in the case of adding value to PP post-consumer waste, LCB is a promising approach. LCB takes place by a...

We construct a mathematical model for the polymerase chain reaction and its mutations using the theory of branching processes. Under this model we study the number of mutations in a randomly chosen sequence after n PCR cycles. A method for estimating the mutation is proposed and the variance of this estimator is studied. We also study the distribution of the Hamming distance between two randoml...

Whole genome amplification is important for multipoint mapping by sperm or oocyte typing and genetic disease diagnosis. Polymerase chain reaction is not suitable for amplifying long DNA sequences. This paper studies a new technique designated PEP–primer extension preamplification for amplifying long DNA sequences using the theory of branching processes. A mathematical model for PEP is construct...

Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) seed and oil have long been used widely as healthy foods to supply energy and prevent aging. Some of the main active anti-oxidative constituents in sesame seeds are γ-tocopherol and phenols. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between roasting temperature and time with γ-tocopherol and total phenolic compounds (TPC) of sesame seeds when roas...

The role of short chain branches (SCBs) (C4H9) on the melt and crystalline properties monodisperse polyethylene systems (C400H802) is investigated, using molecular dynamics simulations a coarse-grained united-monomer model that represents chemical monomer as one particle. A method introduced, whereby SCBs are grown out linear backbone to minimize computational expense. Here, this concept proven...

In the petroleum supply chain, oil refined products are often delivered to distribution centers by pipelines since they provide the most reliable and economical mode of transportation over large distances. This paper addresses the optimal scheduling of a complex pipeline network with multiple branching lines. The main challenge is to find the optimal sequence and time of product injections/deli...

Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) seed and oil have long been used widely as healthy foods to supply energy and prevent aging. Some of the main active anti-oxidative constituents in sesame seeds are γ-tocopherol and phenols. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between roasting temperature and time with γ-tocopherol and total phenolic compounds (TPC) of sesame seeds when roas...