Methodological dualism in linguistics occurs when its theories are subjected to standards that are inappropriate for them qua scientifi c theories. Despite much opposition, methodological dualism abounds in contemporary thinking. In this paper, I treat linguistics as a scientifi c activity and explore some instances of dualism. By extracting some ubiquitous aspects of scientifi c methodology fr...

Bridges are the most important components in expansive transportation networks. And bridge management systems (BMS) have been developed to help government agencies maintain the bridges in their districts. However, bridge management systems vary with the different bridge types and the different management requirements for each maintenance level. The multi-level framework of a set of bridge manag...

The objective of this paper is to define a process for maintenance management and to classify maintenance engineering techniques within that process. Regarding the maintenance management process, we present a generic model proposed for maintenance management which integrates other models found in the literature for built and in-use assets, and consists of eight sequential management building bl...