vitro digestibility tended to be greater with ammoniation. In the second trial, very high levels of ammonia, urea or glucose were added. Levels of insoluble protein were much higher in this trial than the other. This reflects the high variability of corn silage. Recovery of nitrogen added as ammonia averaged 82 percent while all of the nitrogen added as urea was recovered. The amounts of insolu...

An in vitro study was conducted to evaluate the optimum roughage to concentrate ratio in complete rations using sorghum stover (SS) as a roughage source since it is a main feed resource for urban and peri-urban dairies. Eight complete rations were prepared with roughage (R) to concentrate (C) ratio of 100R:0C to 30R:70C. In vitro gas production (ml) at 24 h incubation, in vitro organic matter d...

Contemporary sport requires a lot of effort from sportsmen, frequently exceeding their maximum physical and mental efficiency. Athletes often report poor dietary habits and reach for magnesium and vitamin B supplements to avoid dietary deficiencies. The aim of this study was to determine magnesium and vitamin B6 content in daily food rations of Polish athletes and to verify the justification of...

R i c e bran has received increased attention as a feedstuff for swine and as a source of oil for human consumption. Depending on milling conditions and hull contamination, bran from California rice contains 15 to 20 percent oil, 30 to 40 percent digestible carbohydrate, and 12 to 14 percent protein, although levels of up to 18 percent protein have been reported. Rice bran is also an excellent ...

The purpose of this paper was to identify effective dairy farm management adjustments related to recent structural changes in agricultural commodity markets because of expanded biofuels production and other market factors. We developed a mathematical programming model of a representative dairy farm in New York State to estimate the effects of changes in the relative prices of important feed com...

BACKGROUND The cause of the bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) epidemic in the United Kingdom (UK) was the inclusion of contaminated meat and bone meal in the protein rations fed to cattle. Those rations were not restricted to cattle but were also fed to other livestock including farmed and free living deer. Although there are no reported cases to date of natural BSE in European deer, BSE h...

I. The interaction between nitrogen and water intake was studied in two ewes and two red deer hinds. They were given pelleted diets, at maintenance level, containing equal amounts of roughage but either rich or poor in nitrogen. The deer received 5 0 yo more food than the sheep. Water was given either in large amounts (sheep 5.0 1, deer 7.0 1 daily) or in small amounts (sheep 1.1 1, deer 2.4 1 ...

600 seven day-old ross broiler chicks were tested in a factorial experiment (2×5) with two levels of oil (three and six percent) and five levels of soybean oil and soapstock (100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75 and 0:100) with four replicates. rations were isocaloric and isonitrogenus. the chicks of the rations with three percent fat had higher weight gain and lower feed intake and feed: gain ratio (p