In marine environments and water systems, it is easy for many structures to form biofilms on their surfaces and to be deteriorated due to the corrosion caused by biofilm formation by bacteria. The authors have investigated the antibacterial effects of metallic elements in practical steels so far to solve food-related problems, using Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. However, from the ...

The aim was to investigate the angular dependence of the β-particle backscatter count rate, using a strontium-90 source. In addition the empirical relationship between the atomic number (Z number) of a scatterer and the count rate at a specific angle was investigated along with consideration of how this relationship behaves with simple compounds. Thick samples are used throughout. A brief inves...

In a letter to one of the authors, Sir Nevill Mott, then in his tenth decade, highlighted the fact that the statement '... a metal conducts, and a non-metal doesn't' can be true only at the absolute zero of temperature, T=0 K. But, of course, experimental studies of metals, non-metals and, indeed, the electronic and thermodynamic transition between these canonical states of matter must always o...

Several new excitation and load models are proposed for electromagnetic analysis in the context of a Galerkin-type large-domain (higherorder) boundary element method (BEM) or Method of moments for structures composed of thin wires, metallic surfaces, and imperfect inhomogeneous dielectric bodies. The models represent a natural generalization of point-delta generators and loads for wires. They a...

In recent years, it is considerably attempted to develop the concept of energy dissipation as an applicable technology to overcome the energy released by earthquakes. The passive control systems such as metallic dampers have been widely considered. The dampers are basically used to mitigate the structural responses and reduce the damages in main structural elements by energy dissipation. ...

It is quite difficult in actual field applications to properly assess the lifetime of non-metallic sealing elements for valves used in reciprocating compressors. This difficulty is due to the wide variety of operating conditions and contaminants these sealing elements encounter while in service. If one is to determine which of these non-metallic materials will function optimally as sealing elem...