* Work supported by the US Department of Energy. In this paper we consider the preliminary designs of three-cavity microwave circuits for coaxial gyroklystrons. These tubes are predicted to produce over 100 MW of power in 1 μs pulses in Xand Ku-Band for linear collider applications with efficiencies exceeding 40% and gains above 50 dB. In particular, we examine the effect of first and second ha...

Hybrid inflation within supersymmetric grand unified theories, as well as inflation through brane collisions within braneworld cosmological models, lead to the formation of onedimensional defects. Observational data, mainly from the cosmic microwave background temperature anisotropies but also from the gravitational wave background, impose constraints on the free parameters of the models. I rev...

A wide class of inflationary models, known as Hybrid Inflation models, may produce topological defects during a phase transition at the end of the inflationary epoch. We point out that, if the energy scale of these defects is close to that of Grand Unification, then their effect on cosmic structure formation and the generation of microwave background anisotropies cannot be ignored. Therefore, i...

2014 In the first part of this paper, analogies between conventional rotating electromechanical machines (motors, alternators, etc...) and periodic-structure microwave electron tubes are made, and a common theory is elaborated. In the second part, this theory is used to define new types of rotating machines that will operate with electrical currents having a very wide frequency spectrum, or at ...

3 TGD based model 7 3.1 Magnetic bodies and magnetosphere as a living system . . . . . . 8 3.2 Supracurrents as a mechanism of the charge transfer between ionosphere and the surface of Earth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 3.3 Do plasmoids generate the microwaves inducing the bridges connecting atomic space-time sheets to the magnetic flux tubes? . . 9 3.4 What determines the geometry of the ...

A new microwave tube design, suitable for application in microwave ovens, is described. It is a development of the basic planar magnetron in which the cathode and anode are two annuli and the magnetic field is radial. Potential advantages over existing designs are: higher power density, higher efficiency, easier tuning, the probability of reduced harmonics, and lower manufacturing costs. The wo...

We describe results from the initial operation of our coaxial gyroklystron experiment, which is being evaluated as a potential driver for future linear colliders. The interaction is designed to occur between a 500 kV, 500 700 A beam and a series of coaxial TE0n1 microwave cavities. Output powers in excess of 100 MW at 8.568 GHz are expected with an efficiency of about 40% [1]. We detail perform...

Background: Poly chlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are a class of chlorinated organic chemicals that do not easily degrade in the environment. This study was conducted to determine the effect of microwave rays, hydrogen peroxide, dioxide titanium and ethanol solvent on the degradation of PCBs. Methods: A 900w domestic MW oven with a fixed frequency of 2450 MHZ was used to provide MW irradiation. R...

A simple and inexpensive method to generate plasma using a kitchen microwave oven is described in this paper. The microwave-generated characterized by spectroscopic analysis compared with the absorption spectra of gas discharge tube. Paschen-like curve observed as initiation time plotted function pressure chamber. We have also demonstrated that air can be used multitude applications such as: (a...

This work experimentally investigates the dissociation of CO2 in an atmospheric pressure surface-wave discharge. A 2-kW microwave power supply is used to sustain the plasma contained in 1-cm-diameter quartz tube. Optical emission spectroscopy is recorded at varying axial positions along the quartz discharge tube to give evidence of the different species present. Diagnostics taken with a residua...