in this study 485 specimen of garra rufa (heckel, 1843) from 29 populations from six river systems and basins including tigris, karkheh, karun, persis (helleh and mond), hormuz and maharlu were collected by a 5mm mesh sized seine net, anesthetized in 1% clove oil solution, fixed in 10% formalin and transferred to the laboratory for further investigations. some 28 morphometric, 25 morphometric p...

Variations in otolith patterns, sizes and body morphometrics of jack mackerel Trachurus japonicus juveniles were investigated. Under transmitted light, translucent (W(t)) and opaque otoliths (W(o)) were detected in juveniles collected from Wakasa Bay between July 2005 and April 2006, whereas only opaque otoliths (G(o)) were detected in Goto-nada Sea individuals between May and June 2006. Three ...

The relationship between vertebrate morphology and swimming performance has long interested biologists. Recent work on predator-induced morphological plasticity of anuran tadpoles has increased this interest. Here, I use data on five species of spadefoot toad tadpoles (Scaphiopodidae) to compare linear and geometric morphometrics. Linear measures explain only 7-26% of the variation in swimming ...

Mammalian spermatozoa, particularly those of rodent species, are extremely complex cells and differ greatly in form and dimensions. Thus, characterization of sperm size and, particularly, sperm shape represents a major challenge. No consensus exists on a method to objectively assess size and shape of spermatozoa. In this study we apply the principles of geometric morphometrics to analyze rodent...

The quantification, analysis, prediction and simulation of the growth of the craniofacial complex is discussed in the context of a two-dimensional coordinate model of craniofacial morphology. Data accumulated from lateral X-ray films (cephalograms) are used, in conjunction with the model, to describe and analyze craniofacial growth; to predict the future size of craniofacial structures, the fut...

length-weight relationship and condition factor were estimated in seven fish species, including barbus cyri, capoeta gracilis, alburnoides eichwaldii, pseudorasbora parva, ponticola cyrius, cobitis keyvani and acanthalburnus microlepis from shahrbijar river, guilan province, iran. a total of 416 specimens ranging from 18 to 135 mm in total length and from 0.06 to 19.25 g in total weight were co...

Morphometry is introduced as quantitative approach to seek information concerning variations and changes in the forms of organisms that described the relationship between the human body and disease. Scientists of all civilization, who existed until today, examined the human body using anthropometric methods. For these reasons, anthropometric data are used in many contexts to screen for or monit...

Scalation, colour pattern, linear and geometric morphometrics were used to quantify geographical differentiation in the long-nosed snake, Rhinocheilus lecontei, and to test the hypothesis that all four subspecies are morphologically distinct. Also investigated were potential associations between morphological (scalation, colour pattern, linear measurements) and environmental variables (climate,...

The analysis of shape is a fundamental part of much biological research. As the field of statistics developed, so have the sophistication of the analysis of these types of data. This lead to multivariate morphometrics in which suites of measurements were analyzed together using canonical variates analysis, principal components analysis, and related methods. In the 1980s, a fundamental change be...