background: most of our current understanding of the biological effects of exposure to ionising radiation is based on conventional cytogenetic techniques, which enable us to determine the relationship between chromosomal aberration and dose received by radiation workers. however, conventional techniques have numerous limitations and chromosomal aberrations can be easily missed. since fish plays...

BACKGROUND An experimental study was accomplished to compare estimation methods of ionizing radiations genotoxicity in mammalian cell cultures by means of two cytogenetic parameters with focus on aberrant cells characterized by multiple chromosomal damages. METHODS In vitro study was carried out on the genotoxicity of low-medium doses of 190 kV X-rays absorbed in Chinese hamster ovary cell cu...

Cytogenetic abnormalities, evaluated either by karyotype or by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), are considered the most important prognostic factor in multiple myeloma (MM). However, there is no information about the prognostic impact of genomic changes detected by comparative genomic hybridization (CGH). We have analyzed the frequency and prognostic impact of genetic changes as detec...

BACKGROUND Urothelial carcinoma (UC) is characterized by multiple recurrent chromosomal changes on a background of increasing genomic instability. To define target genes of recurrent deletions and amplifications, we explored which gene alterations are common in UC, in two recently established cell lines, BC44 and BC61. MATERIALS AND METHODS Genes located in regions of gain or deletion in the ...

Chromosomal abnormalities that affect either entire chromosomes or large chromosomal regions covering multiple genes are capable of profoundly affecting human health, as in the case of Down syndrome (caused by trisomy 21) and Burkitt’s lymphoma (caused by a chromosomal translocation). Therefore, these types of defects must be included in our analysis of possible genetic causes of multiple scler...

Background: The secondary genetic changes other than the promyelocytic leukemia-retinoic acid receptor (PML-RARA) fusion gene may contribute to the acute promyelocytic leukemogenesis. Chromosomal alterations and mutation of FLT3 (FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3) tyrosine kinase receptor are the frequent genetic alterations in acute myeloid leukemia. However, the prognostic significance of FLT3 mutat...

Cancer is driven by a selection for mutations that include single nucleotide substitutions, short indels, and large-scale rearrangements of the genome [e.g., chromosomal inversions, translocations, segmental deletions, segmental duplications, and changes in chromosome copy number (aneuploidy and polyploidy)]. The frequency of these events varies greatly among tumors. For example, some tumors ex...