We define a new type of spectrum, called δ-approximate spectrum, of an element a in a complex unital Banach algebra A and show that the δ-approximate spectrum σ_δ (a) of a is compact. The relation between the δ-approximate spectrum and the usual spectrum is investigated. Also an analogue of the classical Gleason-Kahane-Zelazko theorem is established: For each ε>0, there is δ>0 such that if ϕ is...

we define a new type of spectrum, called δ-approximate spectrum, of an element a in a complex unital banach algebra a and show that the δ-approximate spectrum σ_δ (a) of a is compact. the relation between the δ-approximate spectrum and the usual spectrum is investigated. also an analogue of the classical gleason-kahane-zelazko theorem is established: for each ε>0, there is δ>0 such that if ϕ is...

For a graph $G$ with edge set $E(G)$, the multiplicative sum Zagreb index of $G$ is defined as$Pi^*(G)=Pi_{uvin E(G)}[d_G(u)+d_G(v)]$, where $d_G(v)$ is the degree of vertex $v$ in $G$.In this paper, we first introduce some graph transformations that decreasethis index. In application, we identify the fourteen class of trees, with the first through fourteenth smallest multiplicative sum Zagreb ...

In this work, the definition of first and second types multiplicative Chebyshev differential equations is given solutions these are investigated with help power series. Also, properties type polynomials proved. Finally, studies supported numerical examples.

Let Γ ⊂ Q ¯ × $\Gamma \subset \overline{\mathbb {Q}}^{\times }$ be a finitely generated multiplicative group of algebraic numbers. α 1 , … r ∈ $\alpha _1,\ldots ,\alpha _r\in {Q}}^\times$ numbers which are $\mathbb {Q}$ -linearly independent and let ε > 0 $\epsilon >0$ given real number. One the main results that we prove in this article is as follows: There exist only many tuples ( u q p ) Z +...

We show existence of measure attractors for 2-D stochastic Navier-Stokes equations with general multiplicative noise.

In this paper, we develop an energy method to study finite speed of propagation and waiting time phenomena for the stochastic porous-media equation with linear multiplicative noise in up to three spatial dimensions. Based on a novel iteration technique and on stochastic counterparts of weighted integral estimates used in the deterministic setting, we formulate a sufficient criterion on the grow...