OBJECTIVE Social factors have a powerful influence on people's food intake but people typically fail to acknowledge the influence of such external cues, instead explaining their food intake in terms of factors such as how hungry they are. We examined whether the tendency to explain one's food intake in terms of internal cues (i.e., hunger) rather than external cues (i.e., other people's behavio...

In a multiagent system, a (social) norm describes what the agents may expect from each other. Norms promote autonomy (an agent need not comply with a norm) and heterogeneity (a norm describes interactions at a high level independent of implementation details). Researchers have studied norm emergence through social learning where the agents interact repeatedly in a graph structure. In contrast, ...

Abstract Despite informality being the norm in conflict-affected countries, most estimates of impact conflict on economic activity rely formal sector data. Using high-frequency data from Afghanistan, this paper assesses how surges intensity affect not only sector, but also informal and illicit activities. Nighttime light provides a proxy for aggregate activity, mobile phone traffic by registere...

Intergenerational gap refers to the disturbance and crisis in the cultural sequence of generations, which leads to conflict in terms of values and norms between parents and children. Until recently, this phenomenon has not been considered a serious issue in Iranian society and the continuation of similar thought patterns through the generations has prevented the emergence of distance and variou...

Growing empirical evidence points to the importance of social norms for achieving sustainable use of common pool resources (CPR). Social norms can facilitate the cooperation and collective action needed to sustainably share a common resource. With global change, however, the social and environmental conditions under which cooperation has evolved and been maintained in the past may vary dramatic...