In this paper, we investigate the determinants of political instability in Latin America. In a panel of 18 Latin American countries from 1971 to 2000, we find that democratic countries experience less average instability in the region, indicating that the move to increased democracy in the last couple decades may alleviate the persistent problem of instability in the area. We also find that inc...

The European Union launched a set of policies as part of its 2020 climate and energy package aimed at meeting its 20/20/20 headline targets for smart, sustainable and inclusive growth. This paper evaluates how successful new-to-themarket climate change mitigation technologies (CCMT) are in helping EU member states (MS) to reach these goals and, furthermore, whether there are differences between...

We examine the use of subsidies to R&D in a mixed and a private duopoly market. We show that the socially optimal R&D subsidy is increasing in the degree of spillovers but it is lower in the private duopoly. The optimal R&D subsidy leads to an increase in total R&D and production, however, it does not lead to the equalisation of per …rm output and therefore to an e¢ cient distribution of produc...

This paper analyzes the question: what does it take for science parks and technology districts to evolve and grow? We propose an analytical framework to examine the gestation, evolution and sustainability of science parks and related but broader regional phenomena such as technology districts. The framework comprises three aspects of a science park’s development: growth mechanisms, level of tec...

this paper aims to analyze the relationship among the employee, the employer, and the government with the help of game theory. the game among these three players is of the sort of static games with complete information and the strategies used by each player have been determined in the figure of tending to change the current situation and tending to keep it. the equilibrium among this three play...

The article reveals issues of building the innovative ecosystem institutions problem in context growing role research Universities ensuring structural changes economy Ukraine. International comparisons actual state effectiveness and development potential Ukraine’s innovation have shown that it lags behind almost all indicators European Innovation Scoreboard. It is a confirmed necessity to form ...

Abstract Introduction The necessity of mesh fixation in laparoscopic totally extraperitoneal (TEP) inguinal hernia repair remains controversial. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the effectiveness tacking versus no TEP for primary hernia. Materials Methods PubMed, EMBASE Cochrane databases were searched relevant articles from inception until November 2019. All studie...