Thermal fluctuations strongly modify the large length-scale elastic behavior of cross-linked membranes, giving rise to scale-dependent elastic moduli. Whereas thermal effects in flat membranes are well understood, many natural and artificial microstructures are modeled as thin elastic shells. Shells are distinguished from flat membranes by their nonzero curvature, which provides a size-dependen...

Predicting the effective elastic properties of carbon nanotube-reinforced nanocomposites is of great interest to many structural designers and engineers for improving material and configuration design in recent years. In this paper, a finite element model of a CNT composite has been developed using the Representative volume element (RVE) to evaluate the effective material properties of nanocomp...

The osmotic behavior of rat liver mitochondria has been studied in a sucrose medium. The mitochondria behave like a two compartment system. One compartment is permeable to sucrose and has a volume of 1.22 microl/(mg mitochondrial dry weight) in a 272 milliosmol sucrose medium; the second, inaccessible to sucrose, has a volume of 0.555 microl/mg dry weight) under the same conditions. Part of the...

Background and Objectives: Red beet extract concentrate can be used as a natural colorant in food products; however, destructive effects of thermal methods to produce juice concentrate decrease nutritional value in the final product. Materials and Methods: In this study, red beet extract was concentrated using osmotic distillation method, and the best pretreatment was evaluated to increase t...

1. The swelling and the osmotic pressure of gelatin at pH 4.7 have been measured in the presence of a number of salts. 2. The effect of the salts on the swelling is closely paralleled by the effect on the osmotic pressure, and the bulk modulus of the gelatin particles calculated from these figures is constant up to an increase in volume of about 800 per cent. As soon as any of the salts increas...

ABSTRACT: In this study the reliability of using response surface-neural network method to predict the osmotic dehydration properties of crookneck squash has been investigated. In order to carry out this project, the osmotic solution concentration, the osmotic solution temperature and immersion time were chosen as inputs and solid gain and water loss were selected as outputs of the designed net...

Time-dependent creep stress redistribution analysis of thick-walled FGM spheres subjected to an internal pressure and a uniform temperature field is investigated. The material creep and mechanical properties through the radial graded direction are assumed to obey the simple power-law variation throughout the thickness. Total strains are assumed to be the sum of elastic, thermal and creep strain...

In the current paper, finite element method is employed for numerical simulations and the study of influential parameters on elastic modulus of polymer-matrix nano-composites. Effects of different key parameters including particle elastic modulus, interphase elastic modulus, matrix elastic modulus, interphase thickness and particle volume fraction on total elastic modulus of nano-composite mate...

Objective: To formulate a mathematical model of odontogenic cyst growth and establish the dynamics of cyst enlargement and the role of osmotic pressure forces throughout its growth. Study design: The model assumed a spherical cyst with a semi-permeable lining of living cells and a core consisting of degraded cellular material, including a generic osmotic material, fed by the continuous death of...