An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect and quantitate the parasporal crystal toxins of Bacillus thuringiensis subspp. kurstaki and israelensis. The assay method described is extremely sensitive, accurate, and highly specific. With this technique, crystalline insecticidal proteins from several subspecies of B. thuringiensis were compared. The dipteran crystal toxin produced by B...

The strain 273 B, the type strain of a H serotype of Bacillus thuringiensis not yet characterized: B. thuringiensis subsp. cameroun, serotype H32, was isolated from soil samples collected in Cameroon. This strain produces cuboidal parasporal bodies composed of two major proteins of 53 kDa and 35 kDa. N-terminal sequences of the major proteins share no homology with published sequences. Only the...

A defined medium is described in which 18 strains of Bacillus thuringiensis representing the 12 established serotypes grow, sporulate, and produce a parasporal crystal. This minimal medium contains glucose and salts supplemented with either aspartate, glutamate, or citrate. These organic acids are required and cannot be replaced by vitamin mixtures or succinate even though succinate is taken up...

Spores of Bacillus laterosporus were studied to determine the chemical and morphological nature of their basophilic canoe-shaped parasporal bodies. An unusually high phosphorus content of these spores compared to other Bacillus species appeared to be associated with the parasporal body. Preparations of these "canoes" still attached to the spore coats were indeed high in phosphorus, but also in ...

in this article, the effect of cells' radius on the behavior of wavelength switching optical filter andthe effect of the radius of the optical filters' key characteristics such as wavelength resonance onan optical filter based on photonic crystals, have been investigated. currently, the most commonapplied mechanism for designing optical filter based on photonic crystals is using twomechanisms s...

Cotton is a cash crop of many countries as it serves source fiber, edible oil, and seedcake. It grown in diverse range environment. Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) gram positive bacterium found different habitats but mostly soil. This produces endotoxin which harmful for various insects. Numerous crystal-forming strains Bt exist nature, not all them are efficient against insect pests. cotton preval...

the study area is a part of the sanandaj-sirjan metamorphic belt comprising low- to high-graderegional and contact metamorphic rocks that are intruded by various plutonic bodies. garnet crystals areabundant in pelitic schists, amphibole schists, migmatites, hornfelses and aplites. they are mostly almandinerich(xalm>60) pyralspite garnets and show dodecahedron, trapezohedron and mixed (dodecahed...