Lake Victoria cichlids are one of the most speciose groups of vertebrates. Selection on coloration is likely playing an important role in their rapid speciation. To test the hypothesis that sensory biases could explain species differences in mating preferences and nuptial coloration, we studied seven populations of four closely related species of the genus Pundamilia that differ in visual envir...

During higher primate evolution, gene conversion seems to have occurred often between the red and green photo-pigment genes, which are tandemly linked on the X chromosome. To understand this phenomenon better, intron 4 sequences of the red and green pigment genes of a male human (an Asian Indian), a male chimpanzee, and a male baboon were amplified by PCR and sequenced. The data show that the i...

Absorbance spectra of cone outer segments and oil droplets were recorded microspectrophotometrically in the retina of the red-eared turtle, Trachemys scripta elegans. There are four cone visual pigments, with lambda(max) = 617 nm (red sensitive), 515 nm (green sensitive), 458 nm (blue sensitive), and 372 nm (UV-sensitive). The red-sensitive pigment resides in single cones with red or orange oil...

Background: Many of the most common cancers, such as prostate and breast cancer are due to the presence of harmful agents and compounds in processed foods, including nitrite. In this research the physicochemical, antioxidant, and color properties of sodium nitrite-free sausages containing different concentrations of cochineal pigment alone or in combination with cumin essential oil were studied...

This research aimed to compare the effects of pigments extracted from dried petal meal of marigold flower and synthetic pigments on productive performance of laying hens, egg quality and antioxidant properties of the egg. A total of 64 laying hens, aged 75 weeks, were distributed in a completely randomized design in 4 treatments and 4 replications containing 4 hens per cages. Experimental group...

Background: Light can be absorbed by bacterial pigment and affects its growth. Prodigiosin is a red pigment found in various bacterial species. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impacts of light on prodigiosin production, biomass formation, and membrane integrity of Serratia marcescens y2. Results: S. marcescens y2 grew better and produced more intracellular prodigiosin in darkne...

We estimate the mechanical properties of pigment-containing ultra-high-strength cement composites (UHSCCs) and pigment-induced changes in their physical via thermal X-ray diffraction analyses. Hydrates samples are analyzed using thermogravimetry. Additionally, change color expression with UHSCC age is examined Commission Internationale de l’ Éclairage L*a*b* analysis. Correlation analysis perfo...

Human color vision is based on three light-sensitive pigments. The isolation and sequencing of genomic and complementary DNA clones that encode the apoproteins of these three pigments are described. The deduced amino acid sequences show 41 +/- 1 percent identity with rhodopsin. The red and green pigments show 96 percent mutual identity but only 43 percent identity with the blue pigment. Green p...