We prove that a compactly supported spline function of degree k satisses the scaling equation (x) = P N n=0 c(n)(mx?n) for some integer m 2, if and only if (x) = P n p(n)B k (x?n) where p(n) are the coeecients of a polynomial P(z) such that the roots of P(z)(z ? 1) k+1 are mapped into themselves by the mapping z ! z m , and B k is the uniform B-spline of degree k. Furthermore, the shifts of for...

In truncated polynomial spline or B-spline models where the covariates are measured with error, a fully Bayesian approach to model fitting requires the covariates and model parameters to be sampled at every Markov chain Monte Carlo iteration. Sampling the unobserved covariates poses a major computational problem and usually Gibbs sampling is not possible. This forces the practitioner to use a M...

Spline curves are very prominent in the mathematics due to their simple construction, accuracy of assessment and ability approximate complicated structures into interactive curved designs. A spline is a smooth piece-wise polynomial function. The primary goal this study use extended cubic B-spline (ExCuBS) functions with new second order derivative approximation obtain numerical solution weakly ...

Multi-degree Tchebycheffian splines are with pieces drawn from extended (complete) Tchebycheff spaces, which may differ interval to interval, and possibly of different dimensions. These a natural extension multi-degree polynomial splines. Under quite mild assumptions, they can be represented in terms so-called B-spline (MDTB-spline) basis; such basis possesses all the characterizing properties ...

We generalize the univariate divided difference to a multivariate setting by considering linear combinations of point evaluations that annihilate the null space of certain differential operators. The relationship between such a linear functional and polynomial interpolation resembles that between the divided difference and Lagrange interpolation. Applying the functional to the shifted multivari...

A family of fourth and second-order accurate numerical schemes is presented for the solution of nonlinear fourth-order boundary-value problems (BVPs) with two-point boundary conditions. Non-polynomial quintic spline functions are applied to construct the numerical algorithms. This approach generalizes nonpolynomial spline algorithms and provides a solution at every point of the range of integra...