Underwater communication networks are currently being developed for use in underwater control systems, underwater telemetry systems, and underwater image transmission systems. The transmission bandwidth and transmission rates of an underwater communication system are low, and its transmission delay is high. In this paper, we propose a direct mapping orthogonal variable spreading factor (OVSF)-b...

This paper is concentrated on the optimization of equivalent reduced networks for power system relaying purposes. For the parameter identification of reduced networks in time domain the EMTP program is applied. Moreover, the sensitiveness criterion has been used for the optimum choice of reduced network parameters. The accurate model is based on the precise representation of the transmission li...

Video communication over wireless link is a challenging task due to the time-varying characteristics of a wireless channel and limited battery resource in the handheld devices. This paper proposes a power-optimized approach for video communication, which simultaneously controls the transmission power, source rate and error protection level to minimize the total power consumption for all users. ...

The presence of a significant DG capacity in distribution networks will result in some conflicts with the operation of the system, mainly because, unlike the meshed transmission system, the distribution system is usually designed as a “passive” radial system. In general, the impact of DG depends on its penetration level in distribution network as well as on DG technology (e.g. synchronous gener...

Distance relays detect transmission line faults and their locations by measuring the voltage and the current signals. Also, phase shifting transformers (PSTs) are used to control the power flow in electrical power systems. PSTs protect transmission lines from thermal overloading, improve the stability of transmission system and control the power flow between different networks. Unfortunately, e...

This paper discusses the application and the effect of the electric surge protection device (SPD) in the power line communication channel. The comparative analysis of the effect is carried out based on the performance of the power line communication (PLC) system. The SPDs used for the laboratory experiment are categorized into different types of classes depending on the surge protection level. ...

Electrical power systems consists of various components including physical components such as generator, transmission lines, buses, loads, transformers etc. and discrete components such as protection relays and other supervisory and control devices. Cyber failures in discrete components such as protection devices contribute towards cascading failures resulting in blackouts in electrical power t...

One of transient phenomenon that causes the mal-operation of the power transformer differential protection during the energization of a loaded power transformer is the ultra-saturation phenomenon. In this paper, a new model for investigating the ultra-saturation phenomenon during the energization of a loaded power transformer is presented and its effect on the differential protection of the pow...

Although significant private investment is absorbed in different sectors of power systems, transmission sector is still suffering from appropriate private investment. This is because of the pricing policies of transmission services, tariffs, and especially for investment risks. Investment risks are due to the uncertain behaviour of power systems that discourage investors to invest in the transm...