Put γ̂ = sup{γ : φ(γ) < ∞} ∈ [0,∞]. Note that the function φ(γ) is monotone continuous in the interval (−∞, γ̂), and φ(γ̂) = lim γ↑γ̂ φ(γ) ∈ [1,∞]. We distinguish all the distributions on [0,∞) according to the value of γ̂. If γ̂ = 0, then we say that the distribution F is heavy-tailed; in that case φ(γ) = ∞ for any γ > 0. If γ̂ > 0, then we call the distribution F light-tailed; this happens if and on...

Faced with extreme demands, hypothetical thinking runs the danger of total failure. Paradoxical propositions such as the LIAR (‘I am lying’) provide an opportunity to test it to its limits. Embedded in conditionals, they tended to occasion a breakdown of probabilistic inference (0% True-0% False pattern) demonstrating the vulnerability of hypothetical thinking when taxed by embedded supposition...

We study the throughput of a stochastic network with input policing. Such policing can be used to improve the fairness of packet switches and of communication networks as well as of service systems. Our approach consists in showing that the throughput of the network approaches that of a corresponding fluid network. The type of queueing network we study consists of multiple stations, carries mul...

in this paper, power system restoration in the presence of svc and tcsc in partial outage conditions is considered and a new method for maximum load restoration using different control variables is presented. control variables are tap of transformers, generation rescheduling and operating points of facts devices. objective function is restored load (to be maximized) and constraints are voltage ...

introduction: the main purpose of this study was to compare transient ischemic dilation (tid) ratios in spect-low dose ct and spect myocardial perfusion imaging (mpi) by application of different quantitative programs and quantify the possible shift in the upper normal limits of tid ratio in the spect-ct mpi. methods: 149 patients with low pre-test probability for coronary artery disease (cad),...

Background and objectives: Risk-adjusted Bernoulli control chart is one of the main tools for monitoring multistage healthcare processes to achieve higher performance and effectiveness in healthcare settings. Using parameter estimates can lead to significantly deteriorate chart performance. However, so far, the effect of estimation error on this chart in which healthcare ...

background: study in design to incorporate accelerated proliferation correction factors into linearquadratic and multiple-component models. materials and methods: accelerated proliferation rate correction factor has been incorporated into the linearquadratic and the multiple component models by applying accelerated exponential cell growth to explain the tumor cell kinetics and estimates proper ...

Distributed generation (DG) has been widely used in distribution network to reduce the energy losses, improve voltage profile and system reliability, etc.&nbsp; The location and capacity of DG units can influence on probability of protection mal-operation in distribution networks. In this paper, a novel model for DG planning is proposed to find the optimum DG location and sizing in radial distr...