let $m$ be an $r$-module and $0 neq fin m^*={rm hom}(m,r)$. we associate an undirected graph $gf$ to $m$ in which non-zero elements $x$ and $y$ of $m$ are adjacent provided that $xf(y)=0$ or $yf(x)=0$. weobserve that over a commutative ring $r$, $gf$ is connected anddiam$(gf)leq 3$. moreover, if $gamma (m)$ contains a cycle,then $mbox{gr}(gf)leq 4$. furthermore if $|gf|geq 1$, then$gf$ is finit...

Let An(k) be the Weyl algebra, with k a field of characteristic zero. It is known that every projective finitely generated left module is free or isomorphic to a left ideal. Let M be a left submodule of a free module. In this paper we give an algorithm to compute the projective dimension of M . If M is projective and rank(M) ≥ 2 we give a procedure to find a basis. © 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All righ...

We investigate the notion of the C-projective dimension of a module, where C is a semidualizing module. When C = R, this recovers the standard projective dimension. We show that three natural definitions of finite Cprojective dimension agree, and investigate the relationship between relative cohomology modules and absolute cohomology modules in this setting. Finally, we prove several results th...

We give a new geometric construction of the big projective module in the principal block of the BGG category O, or rather the corresponding D-module on the flag variety. Namely, given a one-parameter family of nondegenerate additive characters of the unipotent radical of a Borel subgroup which degenerate to the trivial character, there is a corresponding one-parameter family of Whittaker sheave...

In this paper we introduce a generalization of M-small modules and discuss about the torsion theory cogenerated by this kind of modules in category . We will use the structure of the radical of a module in  and get some suitable results about this class of modules. Also the relation between injective hull in  and this kind of modules will be investigated in this article.   For a module  we show...

a module m is called epi-retractable if every submodule of m is a homomorphic image of m. dually, a module m is called co-epi-retractable if it contains a copy of each of its factor modules. in special case, a ring r is called co-pli (resp. co-pri) if rr (resp. rr) is co-epi-retractable. it is proved that if r is a left principal right duo ring, then every left ideal of r is an epi-retractable ...

Let $R$ be a commutative ring. We write $mbox{Hom}(mu_A, nu_B)$ for the set of all fuzzy $R$-morphisms from $mu_A$ to $nu_B$, where $mu_A$ and $nu_B$ are two fuzzy $R$-modules. We make$mbox{Hom}(mu_A, nu_B)$ into fuzzy $R$-module by redefining a function $alpha:mbox{Hom}(mu_A, nu_B)longrightarrow [0,1]$. We study the properties of the functor $mbox{Hom}(mu_A,-):FRmbox{-Mod}rightarrow FRmbox{-Mo...