the german cockroach is an important household insect pest mechanically involved in transmission of a variety of diseases to humans. different classes of insecticides have extensively been used for its control leading to insecticide resistance development. hence, for an optimal control of this pest, the status and underlying mechanisms of insecticide resistance should be studied in this group o...

Insecticide resistance in pests of outdoor crops has been known in Denmark since the 1980s when resistance to pyrethroids in the peach-potato aphid in sugar beets was found. In the 1990s, coating of sugar beet seeds with neonicotinoids eliminated this problem. Reports of failure of pyrethroids are widespread from Christmas tree to strawberry production. This may be related to resistance, but th...

Replacement of the photolabile and biodegradable isobutenyl substituent of pyrethroids with a dihalovinyl group often leads to improved insecticidal potency and enhanced photostability. This type of structural modification does not greatly alter the ease of detoxification in mammals since other sites in the molecule undergo metabolic attack. The available toxicological information on dihaloviny...

Insect pests are responsible for major losses in crop productivity, and insecticides are the main tools used to control these organisms. There is increasing demand for new products for pest management. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the toxicity of pyrethroids with acid moiety modifications to measure the insecticidal activity of these compounds on Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepid...

A new method for determination of pyrethroids, pyrethrins, and piperonyl butoxide (PBO) by high-resolution gas chromatography/high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRGC/HRMS) was developed for aquatic sediments. The method detection limits for pyrethroids (15 compounds), pyrethrins, and PBO ranged from 0.16 to 1.50 ng/g sediment, which was suitable for detecting these chemicals at environmentally ...

New promising insect control efforts are now being evaluated such as biological alternatives or even transgenic insects and Wolbachia based strategies. Although it is increasingly clear that successful approaches must involve integrated actions, chemical insecticides unfortunately still play a central role in pest and vector control (Raghavendra et al., 2011). Development of new safe and effect...