Refrigeration is a process of maintaining the temperature lower than surroundings. It can be achieved with help components refrigerator and refrigerant. Refrigerant substance atmosphere. VCR widely applied in daily as well large scale industry to produce refrigeration effect. The diffuser passage that will increase pressure energy by changing kinetic at inlets. main objective this project work ...

A combined refrigeration and power cycle, which uses ammonia-water as the working fluid, is proposed by combining Rankine and vapour absorption cycles with an advantage of varying refrigeration capacity to power output ratio. The study investigates the usage of low temperature heat sources for the cycle operation. Results of parametric analysis are presented, which show the scope for optimizati...

Aberrant false-positive reactions in negative-controls during ELISA testing for Clostridium difficile indicated the potential for false-diagnoses. Experiments with 96-well products showed a maximum peak of false-positive immunoassay reactions with the provided negative-control reagents after 5 refrigeration-to-room temperature cycles (P < 0.001), decreasing thereafter with additional refrigerat...

background: spinach is one of the vegetables with a high concentration of nitrate which is affected by various processes such as cooking and refrigeration before consumption. the present study aimed to investigate the effect of home cooking method, which has not been studied before, on the level of nitrate and nitrite in spinach. the effect of refrigeration was studied, as well.   methods: afte...

The potential to store energy within refrigerated food products presents convenience store and supermarket operators with an opportunity to participate in utility sponsored demand response programs, whereby electricity usage can be shifted or reduced during peak periods. To determine the feasibility of reducing peak demand by shifting the refrigeration load to off-peak times, experimental and a...

Introduction: The air-conditioning and refrigeration industry is well on its way towards the design and commercialization of systems using R134a as the preferred environmentally acceptable replacement for CFC-12 in many applications. The industry is now turning some of its attention to replacements for HCFC-22. The US Clean Air act and its subsequent amendment calls for phaseout of CFCs by the ...

Australia has a long history of underground mining. Even with advances in open cut mining equipment, techniques and economics, many orebodies are still best mined by underground means. In addition, modern exploration tools are ‘uncovering’ orebodies that are at increasing depths. South African mines are currently producing from below 3 km, and developing down to 5 km depths – it is likely that ...

Per Lundqvist Dr., Lars Herbe M.Sc, The Royal Institute ofTechnology, Dept. of Energy Technology, S-100 44, Stockholm, Sweden Fax: +46 8 20 30 07 Tel: +46 8 790 74 52 Email: [email protected] There are several important issues when dealing with new refrigerants in a retrofit situation. This paper is however restricted to system performance and a discussion of methods suitable to determine ...

iran’s vast common natural gas resources and the necessity to extract and export it as liquefied natural gas (lng) to distances more than 3000km opens a lucrative field for researchers to optimize lng cycles. in this article heat integration in cryogenic cycles by determining interacycle partition temperature and optimizing refrigeration features like subcooler, presaturator, aftercooler, reboi...