Refrigeration is one of the leading uses of electric power in the United States. The term "refrigeration" refers to air-conditioning for homes, businesses, and industry and the operation of refrigerators, freezers, and heat pumps. The technology most often used in refrigeration, the vapor compression cycle, is 100 years old, inefficient, and environmentally unsound. Since the 1980s, the refrige...

Refrigeration is one of the leading uses of electric power in the United States. The term "refrigeration" refers to air-conditioning for homes, businesses, and industry and the operation of refrigerators, freezers, and heat pumps. The technology most often used in refrigeration, the vapor compression cycle, is 100 years old, inefficient, and environmentally unsound. Since the 1980s, the refrige...

Compressor is the single largest consumer of primary energy (usually electricity) in an industrial refrigeration system and often become a focal point for energy efficiency improvement strategies. This is achieved either through the improvement of existing compressor designs, or by the introduction of new designs that is expected to overcome the drawbacks of existing compressors. This paper pre...

The Air-Conditioning, Heating, and Refrigeration Institute (AHRI) recently completed the second phase of its Low Global Warming Potential Alternative Refrigerants Evaluation Program (Low-GWP AREP). This industry-wide cooperative research program identified and evaluated promising alternative refrigerants over the past five years. Seventeen low-GWP refrigerants were tested during the second phas...

The need for more energy-efficient and environmentally-friendly alternatives in the refrigeration industry to meet global emission targets has driven efforts towards materials with a potential for solid state cooling. Adiabatic depolarisation cooling, based on the electrocaloric effect (ECE), is a significant contender for efficient new solid state refrigeration techniques. Some of the highest ...

The refrigeration industry has been in a state of flux primarily because of the phase-out of ozone-depleting CFC refrigerants, and secondarily because of recent advances in compressor technology. This paper contains a review of current substitutes for CFCs and HCFCs which are under consideration by the compression refrigeration industry, an assessment of their characteristics related to choice ...

Vacuum freeze-drying has been considered the best dehydration process for thermolabile products because it reduces nutritional and sensorial degradation. As water is removed from a pre-frozen product, a porous structure is formed, which results in a dehydrated product that has better properties when rehydrated.1 This technique springs up rapidly along with the development of refrigeration, vacu...