Emerging treatments for dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and geographic atrophy focus on two strategies that target components involved in physiopathological pathways: prevention of photoreceptors and retinal pigment epithelium loss (neuroprotection induction, oxidative damage prevention, and visual cycle modification) and suppression of inflammation. Neuroprotective drugs, such as ci...

Recently, the Treatment of Age-Related Macular Degeneration with Photodynamic Therapy (TAP) Study Group reported that photodynamic therapy with verteporfin (Visudyne; Ciba Vision, Bülach, Switzerland) can reduce the risk of vision loss in patients with subfoveal choroidal neovascularization (CNV) due to age-related macular degeneration (AMD). This is a review of the circumstances leading to the...

OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence and distribution of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in the United States by age, race/ethnicity, and gender. METHODS Summary prevalence estimates of drusen 125 microm or larger, neovascular AMD, and geographic atrophy were prepared separately for black and white persons in 5-year age intervals starting at 40 years. The estimated rates were based on ...

Background: We aimed here to investigate the association between alleles and genotypes of APOE and Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) development. Materials and Methods: After ophthalmological examination, 120 patients with confirmed AMD and 120 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. The polymorphic segment of APOE gene was PCR-amplified and sequenced to determine the frequency distr...

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD), an oxidative stress-linked neurodegenerative disease, leads to irreversible damage of the central retina and severe visual impairment. Advanced age long-standing influence stress cellular play crucial roles in AMD etiopathogenesis. Many authors emphasize role heterophagy, autophagy, mitophagy maintaining homeostasis retina. Relevantly modifying activity b...

INTRODUCTION Macular degeneration (MD) causes central visual field loss. When field defects occur in both eyes and overlap, parts of the visual pathways are no longer stimulated. Previous reports have shown that this affects the grey matter of the primary visual cortex, but possible effects on the preceding visual pathway structures have not been fully established. METHODS In this multicentre...

background: half of the cases of vision loss in people under 60 years of age have been attributed to age-related macular degeneration (amd). this is a multifactorial disease with late onset. it has been demonstrated that many different genetic loci are implicated in the risk of developing amd in different populations. in the current study, we investigated the association of high-temperature ‎re...

Macular degeneration is one of the most common retinal diseases in India. Usually it is observed in people over 60s and is therefore called age related macular degeneration, ARMD or AMD. The macula is responsible for the sharp central vision needed for detailed activities such as reading, writing, driving, face recognition and ability to see colours. Age related macula degeneration is degenerat...

The 12th Annual Vision Research Conference, ‘‘Mechanisms of Macular Degeneration” was held at the Convention Center at Ft. Lauderdale, Florida, May 1–2, 2009. The meeting reviewed the latest developments in the genetics of AMD, and focused on animal models that closely mimic early or late onset human macular diseases. Major areas covered were mechanisms that lead to macular dystrophies, phenoty...