p. (x) l. 5, “Chapter 4” should read “Chapter 6”. p. 24–25: As it stands, the proof of Lemma 2.2.3 is wrong, because ψ is not necessarily surjective. However, if P is a finitely generated projective module, then the proof works. So at the beginning of the section, one should make the further observation that P = F ′(ΓΓ) is a finitely generated projective module. This is because among all projec...

many simulation algorithms (chemical reaction systems, differential systems arising from the modeling of transient behavior in the process industries and etc.) contain the numerical solution of systems of differential equations. for the efficient solution of the above mentioned problems, linear multistep methods or runge-kutta technique are used. for the simulation of chemical procedures the ra...

The longest common subsequence (LCS) problem is one of the classical and well-studied problems in computer science. The computation of the LCS is a frequent task in DNA sequence analysis, and has applications to genetics and molecular biology. In this paper we introduce new variants of LCS problem and present efficient algorithms to solve them. In particular we introduce the notion of gap const...

The demand and growth for published research in the field of multiple sclerosis (MS) has increased exponentially over the last few years. The primary aim of the Multiple Sclerosis Journal (MSJ) has always been to reflect the excellent work of the ever-expanding and diverse clinical and research field of MS, and this role will now be shared by MSJ’s companion journal MSJ Experimental, Translatio...

In this article we present an approach for tackling three important aspects of text normalization: sentence boundary disambiguation, disambiguation of capitalized words in positions where capitalization is expected, and identification of abbreviations. As opposed to the two dominant techniques of computing statistics or writing specialized grammars, our document-centered approach works by consi...

The immune microenvironment is considered a major obstacle to generating an effective antitumor immune response. Checkpoint inhibitors manipulate the co-stimulatory response between antigen-presenting cells and immune cells-or between the tumor and immune cells-to elicit an antitumor immune response that would have otherwise been suppressed. Checkpoint inhibitors have shown great promise in the...