This study was performed to determine whether synthetic ascorbic acid (AA) alone or in a natural citrus extract containing bioflavonoids, proteins, and carbohydrates was more bioavailable to human subjects. The effect of a single 500-mg ascorbate dose of the two forms and a placebo citrus extract on plasma ascorbate was examined in eight fasting subjects. A comparison of the areas under the pla...

The purification procedure of Clostridium perfringens type A enterotoxin has been improved. The cell sonic extract was precipitated twice with ammonium sulfate, first 40% saturated to concentrate the enterotoxin and then 15% saturated. The two precipitations were followed by gel filtration on Sephadex G-100. The enterotoxin appeared to be homogeneous on 7% polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis aft...

Experiments to determine optimum yields of roquefortine, isofumigaclavine A, and PR toxin, metabolites from Penicillum roqueforti Thom, were performed. Four strains, isolated from blue cheese, and five liquid media were evaluated, although not all permutations were studied. Sucrose (15%)-yeast extract (2%) was the medium chosen for time-course studies at 25 and 15 degrees C using one favorable ...

nowadays, uncontrolled and frequent use of antibiotics may cause emergence of microbial resistanceamong pathogenic agents. therefore, the use of new synthetic and natural antimicrobial compounds isinevitable. one source of natural compounds in this respect comes from plants. the purpose of this study was to examine the antibacterial effects of peel extracts from sour and sweet pomegranate. meth...

Objective: This study aimed at evaluating the balance in the intake of protein, carbohydrate, and fat among the Brazilian elderly population. Methods: The data analyzed were taken from the National Dietary Survey 2008-2009, from a total of 4,286 Brazilian elders (60-104 years old). Based on the dietary intake obtained from two food records, the Multiple Source Method (MSM) was used to evaluat...

We developed an equation of state (EOS) by Ihm, Song, and Mason (ISM) for polar fluids. The model consists of four parameters, namely, the second virial coefficient, an effective van der Waals co-volume, a scaling factor, and the reduced dipole moment. The second virial coefficient is calculated from a correlation that uses the heat of vaporization, and the liquid density at the normal boiling ...

The intrinsic stimulatory potential or potency of a eukaryotic gene activator is controlled by the interaction between the activation domain and the transcriptional machinery. To further understand this interaction, we undertook a biochemical study to identify parameters that could be used to modulate activator potency. We considered how varying the number of activation domains, their flexibili...