Objective- The aim of this study was to assess the clinical and ultrasonographic alterations in the superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT) of  horses with collagenase-induced tendinitis. Design- Experimental study.   Animals- Five clinically normal adult horse.   Procedures- Two thousand units of collagenase were injected in the center of the SDFT of forelimbs of each horse under ultrasou...

Excessive axial tension is very likely involved in the aetiology of tendon lesions, and the most appropriate indicator of tendon stress state is the true stress, the ratio of instantaneous load to instantaneous cross-sectional area (CSA). Difficulties to measure tendon CSA during tension often led to approximate true stress by assuming that CSA is constant during loading (i.e. by the engineerin...

Equine tendon injuries have been recognized and treated for centuries. In early American texts, poor conformation was considered a primary risk factor. “Tied-in” at the knees and long, weak, and slender pasterns were thought to predispose the horse to injury because of mechanical disadvantage. Any trait that favored fetlock extension such as low heels and long toes was thought to increase a hor...

BACKGROUND The incidences of tendon injuries in certain sections of human or animal populations such as athletes are high, but every human or animal, regardless of age or level of activity experiences some degree of tendon injury. In spite of the various investigations of injuries and treatment, comprehensive studies dealing with the histological, ultrastructural and biomechanical aspects of he...

Site density functional theory (SDFT) provides a rigorous framework for statistical mechanics analysis of inhomogeneous molecular liquids. The key defining feature these systems is the presence two very distinct interactions scales (intra- and inter-molecular), as such proper description both effects critical to accuracy calculations. Current SDFT applications utilize same approximation scheme ...

The current study was designed to investigate the efficacy of lyophilized bovine tunica vaginalis powder on peritendinous adhesion induced defect in superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT) goats. carried out 18 adult bucks, surgical procedure done under highly aseptic conditions. Prior surgery, animals were sedated by intramuscular injection 2 % xylazine a dose 0.5 mg/kg body weight, then site...

Introduction: Topographic anatomy of the tendons and ligaments in healthy cases provides a normal atlas to diagnose abnormalities. The aim of this study was to provide ultrasonography description of the palmar tendons and ligaments of the Anatoly donkey. Methods: The metacarpal regions of 6 healthy Anatoly donkeys were prepared for ultrasonography and divided to 6 levels (1a, 1b...

Traditional finite-temperature Kohn-Sham density functional theory (KSDFT) has an unfavorable scaling with respect to the electron number or at high temperatures. The evaluation of ground-state in KSDFT can be replaced by Chebyshev trace (CT) method. In addition, use stochastic orbitals within CT method leads [Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 106402 (2013)] (SDFT) and its improved theory, mixed stochastic...