trade secrets has an important role in economic growth and development of economic competition. however ,one of the challenges in this sphere is the emergence of economice spionag. increasing growth of economic espionage causes to emerge a new phenomenon which is called information terrorism. so the mechanism of protection of the trade secretsincivil and criminal law is necessary for economic g...

The precise number of sealed sources in use is unknown because many countries do not systematically account for them. However, nearly 10 million sealed sources exist in the United States and the 49 countries responding to a GAO survey. There is also limited information about the number of sealed sources that have been lost, stolen, or abandoned, but it is estimated to be in the thousands worldw...

A (t, n)-threshold secret sharing scheme is a method to distribute a secret among n participants in such a way that any t participants can recover the secret, but no t − 1 participants can. In this paper, we propose two secret sharing schemes using non-abelian groups. One scheme is the special case where all the participants must get together to recover the secret. The other one is a (t, n)-thr...

Article history: Received 15 December 2009 Received in revised form 14 April 2010 Accepted 17 April 2010

in the past and before granting the inventors and owners of intellectual property rights special exclusive rights and privileges under the patent laws, the protection of intellectual property rights was possible only through a legal regime which could help to keep the know how and innovation secret. this regime, in which contractual terms are often used to keep the innovation secret, is called ...

Background: The chick embryo is a classical model to study embryonic development. However, most researchers have not studied the effect of embryonic manipulation on chick hatchability. To determine the effect of egg orientation and type of sealing film on the hatchability of cultured embryos, and to determine the fate of adulte stem cells injected into the blastoderm. Materials and Methods: Win...

objective: long-term retention of pit and fissure sealants is crucial for their success. this clinical study evaluated the retention rate of a flowable composite resin (filtek supreme xt flowable restorative) compared to a conventional resin-based sealant (concise light cure white sealant) over 12 months. materials and methods: forty subjects aged 6 to 9 years were included in the study. using ...