the first step in studying dust events is the estimation of dust emission from sources. in this study, the simulations of the vertical dust flux (vdf) over iran by the mba (marticorena, bergametti, and alfaro) and shao schemes are compared. the mba scheme is energy-based and derived on the basis of energy balance between the kinetic energy of saltating particles and binding energy of the surfac...

This article is an introduction to two fundamental primitives in cryptographic protocol theory: commitment schemes and zero-knowledge protocols, and a survey of some new and old results on their existence and the connection between them. 1 What’s in this article? This article contains an introduction to two fundamental primitives in cryptographic protocol theory: commitment schemes and zero-kno...

The wavelet based denoising has proven its ability to denoise the bearing vibration signals by improving the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and reducing the root-mean-square error (RMSE). In this paper seven wavelet based denoising schemes have been evaluated based on the performance of the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and the Support Vector Machine (SVM), for the bearing condition classificati...

Zero-knowledge proofs are proofs that show a statement to be true without revealing anything other than the veracity of the statement to be proven. After a formal definition of zero-knowledge proof schemes and a simple example, zero-knowledge proofs for Graph Isomorphism and Graph 3-colorability are presented, the latter being the basis for the proof that all languages in NP have zero-knowledge...

Hyperbola fitting is a mainstream interpretation technique used in ground penetrating radar (GPR) due to its simplicity and relatively low computational requirements. Conventional hyperbola based on the assumption that investigated medium homogeneous half-space, target an ideal reflector with zero radius. However, zero-radius can be easily removed by formulating problem more generalized way con...

Carotenoids and their metabolites are essential factors for the maintenance of important life processes such as photosynthesis. Animals cannot synthesize carotenoids de novo, they must obtain them via their food. In order to make intensive animal husbandry possible and maintain human and animal health synthetic nature identical carotenoids are presently commercially available at the multi-tonne...

This article is an introduction to two fundamental primitives in cryptographic protocol theory: commitment schemes and zero-knowledge protocols, and a survey of some new and old results on their existence and the connection between them. 1 What’s in this article? This article contains an introduction to two fundamental primitives in cryptographic protocol theory: commitment schemes and zero-kno...