Speaking has been considered one of the most important skills in second language teaching and assessment. However, to date there has not been a clear definition of speaking ability. The present study attempts to examine what it means to be able to speak a second language using a newly designed computer-delivered speaking test. The test was created based on a theoretical definition of speaking a...

Reticence is a common problem faced by ESL/EFL teachers in classrooms, especially in those with mainly Asian students. The willingness to communicate model of MacIntyre, Clement, Dörnyei, and Noels (1998. ‘Conceptualizing willingness to communicate in a L2: a situational model of L2 confidence and affiliation’. The Modern Language Journal 82/4: 545–62.) postulates that willingness to speak is d...

Abstract Iceberg A‐68 separated from the Larsen C Ice Shelf in July 2017 and impact of this event on local ocean circulation has yet to be assessed. Here, we conduct numerical simulations dynamics near below ice shelf pre‐ post‐calving. Results agree with situ remote observations area as they indicate that basal melt is primarily controlled by wintertime sea‐ice formation, which turn produces H...

Phytoplankton underpin the marine food web in shelf seas, with some species having properties that are harmful to human health and coastal aquaculture. Pressures such as climate change and anthropogenic nutrient input are hypothesized to influence phytoplankton community composition and distribution. Yet the primary environmental drivers in shelf seas are poorly understood. To begin to address ...

Developmental and biophysical leaf characteristics that influence post-harvest shelf life in lettuce, an important leafy crop, have been examined. The traits were studied using 60 informative F9 recombinant inbed lines (RILs) derived from a cross between cultivated lettuce (Lactuca sativa cv. Salinas) and wild lettuce (L. serriola acc. UC96US23). Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for shelf life co...

A low-cost passive bistatic radar system using digital video broadcasting satellites (DVB-S) as illuminators of opportunity is presented. The system was developed using off-the-shelf components which a global cost of approximately 100 Euros. To increase the target detectability using DVB-S signals in a non-coherent environment a novel methodology, using a reference target and some basic signal ...

We report the latest efforts of the Writing in the Context of Knowledge (WiCK) project in investigating the use of Semantic Web technologies in a business-type environment, where authors create and re-use knowledge-rich documents. To date, we have integrated an established commercial off-the-shelf office production environment with knowledge Web services to assist authors in carrying out tasks ...

Research on neighborhood food access has focused on documenting disparities in the food environment and on assessing the links between the environment and consumption. Relatively few studies have combined in-store food availability measures with geographic mapping of stores. We review research that has used these multi-dimensional measures of access to explore the links between the neighborhood...

Note: Most SVRC technical reports are available via anonymous ftp, from svrc.it.uq.edu.au in the directory /pub/techreports. Abstracts and compressed postscript les are available via Abstract This paper describes how software visualisation can be supported in a generic environment for manipulation of software documents, using oo-the-shelf graph-drawing tools. The eeectiveness of the visualisati...