The abundance of dark matter satellites and subhalos, the existence of density cusps at the centers of dark matter halos and problems producing realistic disk galaxies in simulations are issues that have raised concerns about the viability of the standard cold dark matter (3CDM) scenario for galaxy formation. This paper reviews these issues and considers the implications for cold versus various...

Magnetoconvection simulations on mesogranule and granule scales near the solar surface are used to study the effect of convective motions on magnetic fields: the sweeping of magnetic flux into downflow lanes, the twisting of magnetic field lines, and the emergence and disappearance of magnetic flux tubes. Fromweak seed fields, convective motions produce highly intermittent magnetic fields in th...

Creative computational systems have often been largescale endeavors, based on elaborate models of creativity and sometimes featuring an accumulation of heuristics and numerous subsystems. An argument is presented for facilitating the exploration of creativity through small-scale systems, which can be more transparent, reusable, focused, and easily generalized across domains and languages. These...

The results from the small scale application are encouraging. Our model successfully reproduces known behavior of the λ−switch on the basis of molecular level competition and resource constraints, without the need to assume protein-protein interactions between cI2 dimers and cI2 and RNA-polymerase. Even in the context of this well-known sub-system, however, few quantitative experimental results...

I l l u s t r a t I o n b y C o h e r e n t I m a g e s SmaLL-ScaLE qUanTUm cOmPUTInG devices built on a variety of underlying physical implementations exist in the laboratory, where they have been evolving for over a decade, and have demonstrated the fundamental characteristics necessary for building systems. The challenge lies in extending these systems to be large enough, fast enough, and ac...

This paper proposed analytical solutions for the buckling analysis of rectangular single-layered graphene sheets under in-plane loading on all edges simply is supported. The characteristic equations of the graphene sheets are derived and the analysis formula is based on the nonlocal Mindlin plate. This theory is considering both the small length scale effects and transverse shear deformation ef...

This paper proposed analytical solutions for the buckling analysis of rectangular single-layered graphene sheets under in-plane loading on all edges simply is supported. The characteristic equations of the graphene sheets are derived and the analysis formula is based on the nonlocal Mindlin plate. This theory is considering both the small length scale effects and transverse shear deformation ef...

In the present study, the finite element method is developed for the static analysis of nano-beams under the Winkler foundation and the uniform load. The small scale effect along with Eringen's nonlocal elasticity theory is taken into account. The governing equations are derived based on the minimum potential energy principle. Galerkin weighted residual method is used to obtain the finite eleme...

The objective of this study was to assess the influence of some socioeconomic characteristics on purposes for which mobile phone was used by small scale farmers in the Gezira State, Sudan. The total number of small- scale farmers in the State for 2013-2014 growing season was estimated to be 5000. Ten percent of the population was used using the simple random sampling technique. The collected da...