This article identifies the major features of software cost estimation tools and how they are being used together technically with project management tools. This article describes a number of experiences of early estimation of software reliability for large real-time telecommunications systems. Estimating Web Development Costs: There Are Differences The challenges in estimating cost and duratio...

Key procurement challenges include the definition of value and the identification of Value for Money principles. In the case of software development, the failure of contemporary systems of costing and project management to create reliable, replicable cost estimation that links to the requirements of project planners and managers represents a significant deficiency in procurement theory and prac...

This paper looks into productivity of 634 software projects completed between 2009 and 2013 within the IT department of the Dutch tax administration. A predictive neural network based model is developed in order to produce better estimates for future development efforts. Direct cost drivers and numerous organizational changes are identified in order to analyze their impact on productivity. The ...

Introduction: Optimization of waste collection systems can reduce waste management costs. In this study, optimization of the waste collection system of district 3 of Yazd municipality of Iran has been investigated using underground containers. Materials and Methods: In this research, after collecting information and performing field inspections, the statistical and raster information obtained ...

Knowing the estimated cost of a software project early in the development cycle is a valuable asset for management. In this paper, an evolutionary computation method, Grammar Guided Genetic Programming (GGGP), is used to t models, with the aim of improving the prediction of software development costs. Valuable results are obtained, signiicantly better than those obtained by simple linear regres...

In studies of irrigation and drainage projects for drainage, it is necessary to extend the data from the sampling point to the network. Therefore, based on available data from observational wells, estimating the state of hydraulic conductivity (K) in the surrounding area. The estimation process values for locations where there is no information for them based on viewing areas called wells spati...

Software size prediction is a first step to compute information for software project development such as: cost, effort, schedules, duration and so on. This paper presents the methods efforts of researchers in this era. Methods as Source line Code, Model based estimation, function point estimation from UML diagrams. For every method, strength weakness presented. Also, it evaluation criteria that...