The effect of insulin on the regulation of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase C (PEPCK-C) gene transcription, while pivotal for control of carbohydrate metabolism, constitutes only a small part of its overall action in cellular processes. Transcription of the PEPCK-C gene is the target for a number of pathways involved in the signal transduction initiated by insulin, and these processes involve ...

Using global expression profiling and pathway analysis on α-tocopherol-induced gene perturbation in bovine cells, this study has generated comprehensive information on the physiological functions of α-tocopherol. The data confirmed α-tocopherol is a potent regulator of gene expression and α-tocopherol possesses novel transcriptional activities that affect essential biological processes. The gen...

Cell growth requires co-ordinated regulation of processes that provide metabolites for the synthesis of macromolecules such as proteins and membrane lipids. In recent years, a lot of emphasis has been placed on the activation of protein synthesis by mTORC1 (mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1). The contribution of anabolic pathways other than protein synthesis has only been considered recen...

Sre1, the fission yeast sterol regulatory element binding protein, is an endoplasmic reticulum membrane-bound transcription factor that responds to changes in oxygen-dependent sterol synthesis as an indirect measure of oxygen availability. Under low oxygen, Sre1 is proteolytically cleaved and the released N-terminal transcription factor (Sre1N) activates gene expression essential for hypoxic gr...

Two sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBPs, designated SREBP-1 and SREBP-2), each approximately 1150 amino acids in length, are attached to membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum and nuclear envelope in human and hamster tissue culture cells. In the absence of sterols, soluble fragments of approximately 470 amino acids are released from both proteins by proteolytic cleavage. The sol...

Insig-1 and Insig-2, a pair of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane proteins, mediate feedback control of cholesterol synthesis through their sterol-dependent binding to the following two polytopic ER membrane proteins: sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP) cleavage-activating protein (SCAP) and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase. Sterol-induced binding of Insigs to SCAP...

DHCR24 (3β-hydroxysterol Δ(24)-reductase) catalyses the reduction of the C-24 double bond of sterol intermediates during cholesterol biosynthesis. DHCR24 has also been involved in cell growth, senescence and cellular response to oncogenic and oxidative stress. Despite its important roles, little is known about the transcriptional mechanisms controlling DHCR24 gene expression. We analysed the pr...