Menthol derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their promoting activity on the percutaneous absorption of ketoprofen and skin irritation in vivo, choosing O-ethylmenthol (MET) as the mother compound. The compound having a C-3 positionned n-butyl group (1-O-ethyl-3-n-buthylcyclohexanol, OEBC) indicated the most promoting activity and caused relatively little skin irritation. In order to ...

The epidermis undergoes constant cellular renewal at the basal cell layer to replace the continual loss of cells by the stratum corneum. Leblond and Walker (1) reviewed studies on turnover timest of normal epidermis and found that they ranged from 13—100 days in different mammals. Recently, Rothberg, et at (2) determined the turnover time of human epidermis by measuring isotopically labeled str...

Programmed cell death of epidermal keratinocytes (KC) results in the formation of cornified cells, which constitute the outermost skin layer, the stratum corneum. Here we show by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, western blot, and immunohistochemistry that epidermal KC express caspase-14, a member of the caspase family of pro-apoptotic proteases, in a tissue-specific manner. Casp...

We investigated the effect of dietary phospholipid (PL) concentrate from bovine milk on the epidermis. Thirteen-week-old hairless male and female mice (Hos:HR-1) were separated into two experimental groups, each fed two experimental diets: the control group and the PL group. The mice were given the experimental diets for 6 weeks. Stratum corneum hydration and transepidermal water loss (TEWL) we...

Cornified cell envelope (CE) is generated during the late stages of epidermal differentiation and is made up of proteins covalently linked together by transglutaminases. To determine whether filaggrin is a component of this structure in humans, we analysed highly purified CE from plantar stratum corneum. An immunoelectron microscopy analysis showed specific binding of four different anti-(pro)f...

Introduction The stratum corneum, representing the outmost layer of the skin, is a vitally important barrier of the body and protects it from various environmental stress factors. In order to maintain its elasticity, suppleness and barrier function, the skin requires optimal water content. In order to guarantee these functions skin moisture is tightly regulated by two factors, namely by the int...

Xenobalanus globicipitis, a unique type of small pseudo-stalked barnacle occurs on the appendages of cetaceans, including the common bottlenose dolphin Tursiops truncatus. In this study, we examined attachment structures of X. globicipitis and modifications to the skin of T. truncatus in areas of attachment compared to skin nearby an attachment site. Barnacles and their six calcareous footplate...

Skin permeation for the occupational chemicals mainly depends on the Stratum Corneum (SC), which behaves as a barrier against the entrance of any substance applied on it. The hydration state of the SC plays a crucial role for its barrier function and the permeation process, especially for the water-soluble substances. In this work the relationship of the environmental Relative Humidity (RH) and...