BACKGROUND Anxiety vulnerability is associated with biases in attention: a tendency to selectively process negative relative to neutral or positive information. It is not clear whether this bias is: 1) related to the physiological response to stressful events, and 2) causally related to the development of anxiety disorders. METHODS We tested the predictive value of both preconscious and consc...

psychosocial stresses, as one of the causative factors of mental and physical disorders, are considered to be important health issues. thus, for identifying vulnerable groups, it is necessary to identify and evaluate these stressors. the purpose of this study is to review the relationship between stress and incidence of mental disorders and to quqntify this relationship and to compare psychiatr...

Women are nearly twice as likely as men to suffer from anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), indicating that many females are especially vulnerable to stressful life experience. A profound sex difference in the response to stress is also observed in laboratory animals. Acute exposure to an uncontrollable stressful event disrupts associative learning during classical eyeblink condit...

The activation of genomic signaling in response to stressor-mediated cortisol elevation has been studied extensively in teleosts. However, very little is known about the rapid signaling events elicited by this steroid. We tested the hypothesis that cortisol modulates key stress-related signaling pathways in response to an acute stressor in fish liver. To this end, we investigated the effect of ...

OBJECTIVE This study evaluates the associations between people's trait-like patterns of stress in daily life (stressor frequency, perceived stressor severity, affective reactivity to stressors, and negative affect) and laboratory-assessed heart rate variability (HRV). METHODS Data were collected from 909 participants aged 35 to 85 years in the Midlife in the United States Study. Participants ...

Dear Editor, I read the recent report on pregnancy, epilepsy and quality of life with a great interest. Lunardi et al. concluded that “pregnancy could be interpreted as a stressor and “In late pregnancy when this stressor was removed, women with epilepsy had improvement in their quality of life.” There are several concerns on this work. First, few subjects with imbalance controls might mean bia...

In trauma theory, research, and practice, post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), a syndrome of psychobiological reactions to events perceived as cataclysmic or life threatening, often has been the focus of mental health interventions and research. Yet virtually missing from contemporary trauma literature is consideration of racism and ethnoviolence as catalysts for PTSD and related symptoms. Th...