BACKGROUND Aside from converted data from orchidometer measurements, there are no referential values for testicular volume ultrasound measurements in children available. Therefore, the aim of this study was to obtain ultrasonographically measured normative data for testicular volumes in 0- to 6-year-old boys. METHODS A total of 344 boys from different ethnic backgrounds were studied. For the ...

background: to improve the athletic ability and muscle mass, anabolic androgenic steroids are abused by athletes. little is known about how these compounds affect the fine structures of the testis. this study aimed to identify the changes in the fine structure of testis following administration of nandrolone decanoate.   methods: twenty five sprague-dawley rats were randomly divided into two ex...

Introduction: Cyclophosphamide (CP) is used for the treatment of various cancers. In spite of its therapeutic importance, a wide range of adverse effects such as reproductive toxicity has been observed following the administration of this drug in human and experimental animals. In the current study, we have investigated the adverse effects of CP on morphology and histology of testis rats. M...

Background and Objective: It is conceivable that caffeine consumption would induce gonadal changes. The aim of this study is to assess the impact of embryonic caffeine exposure on rat testis and prostate. Materials and Methods: Female rats were divided into (n=7): A control, only received drinking water. B and C groups received caffeine low dose (26 mg/kg) and high dose (45 mg/kg) respectively...

Introduction: The impact of chromium exposure was studied on liver, kidney, testis, spleen, cerebrum and cerebellum of male Wistar rats (80-100 g body weight). Material & Method: It was observed that treatments of rats with chromium (i.p. at a dose of 0.8 mg / 100 g body weight per day) for a period of 28 days caused significant increase in chromium content while declining the body weight a...

Background: To improve the athletic ability and muscle mass, anabolic androgenic steroids are abused by athletes. Little is known about how these compounds affect the fine structures of the testis. This study aimed to identify the changes in the fine structure of testis following administration of nandrolone decanoate. Methods: Twenty five Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into two expe...

Background: Since ranitidine inhibits the activity of testis Na+-K+ATPase, Ca++ATPase and Mg++ATPase enzymes, and affects estrogen metabolism in the liver and causes gynecomastia, the effects of long term use of ranitidine on testis were studied. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study 40 two-month aged male rats were divided into four groups (control group and 1, 2&3 test groups). T...