Two ladybeetles, Cycloneda sanguinea (L) and Harmonia axyridis Pallas, were exposed to leaf residues and topical applications of five acaricide formulations commonly used in citrus production in Florida. Dicofol was the only compound demonstrating no toxicity to larvae of either species, even at twice the recommended rate. Abamectin + petrolium oil was the most toxic material; leaf residues app...

The Asian shore crab Hemigrapsus takanoi , native to the northwest Pacific Ocean, was recently discovered in Kiel Fjord (southwestern Baltic Sea). In laboratory experiments, we tested salinity tolerance of H. across 8 levels (0 35) and 3 life history stages (larvae, juveniles adults) assess its potential invade brackish Sea. Larval development at different salinities monitored from hatching meg...

In order to determine if ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1) can be vertically transmitted, 9 full-sib families of the Portuguese oyster Crassostrea angulata were produced using a factorial mating design with 3 males and 3 females. The parents were survivors from an OsHV-1 mortality outbreak. OsHV-1 DNA was not detected by conventional PCR in the mantle of parents, gametes or 3day-old larvae. Howeve...

Only 15 families of decapod crustaceans living as larvae in oceanic waters of northern Chile survived the strong impact of the El Niño 1982-83 event. A key considering only their most conspicuous external characters, without specimens dissection, is given. These families represent one third of the total reported for the area living under “normal” oceanographic conditions; and at the level of sp...

BACKGROUND Social familiarity, which is based on the ability to recognise familiar conspecific individuals following prior association, may affect all major life activities of group-living animals such as foraging, reproduction and anti-predator behaviours. A scarcely experimentally tested explanation why social familiarity is beneficial for group-living animals is provided by limited attention...

We studied life history traits of Philornis seguyi Garcṍa, 1952 (Diptera: Muscidae) parasitizing house wrens, Troglodytes aedon (Vieillot) (Passeriformes: Troglodytidae), and analyzed sexual differences in the size of larvae, pupae, and adults, as well as in the length of larval and pupal stages and in adult survival. Males were larger than females at the larval, pupal, and adult stages, but th...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate Cytotoxic, α-Chymotrypsin and Urease inhibition activities of the plant Heliotropium dasycarpum. MATERIALS & METHODS Dichloromethane and methanol extracts of the plant were evaluated for cytotoxic, α-Chymotrypsin and Urease inhibition by using in vivo Brine Shrimp lethality bioassay and in vitro enzymatic inhibition assays respectively. RE...

pod borer is one of the main causes for yield loss of chickpea. therefore, breeding of chickpea for resistance to this pest is important. the use of cry toxin from bacillus thuringiensis is an effective strategy for producing of transgenic resistant chickpea to this pest. these toxins are able to become active in the midgut of larvae and disrupt the insect's digestive system. we studied the sta...

Environ. Entomol. 22(2): 432-437 (1993) ABSTRACT Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner toxicity is a dose-dependent phenomenon, and the dose acquired by an individual is directly related to the quantity of treated food consumed. A bioassay was conducted using two Apium graveolens var. rapaceum (L.) cultivars to determine if the B. thuringiensis dose acquired by Spodoptera exigua (Hiibner) (Lepidopter...