In this study a simple and general chemical association theory is introduced. The concept of infinite equilibrium model is re-examined and true mole fractions of associated species are calculated. The theory is applied to derive the distribution function of associated species. As a severe test the application of presented theory to the van der Waals mixture model is introduced in order to p...

In this paper we introduce the concept of weakly prime ternary subsemimodules of a ternary semimodule over a ternary semiring and obtain some characterizations of weakly prime ternary subsemimodules. We prove that if $N$ is a weakly prime subtractive ternary subsemimodule of a ternary $R$-semimodule $M$, then either $N$ is a prime ternary subsemimodule or $(N : M)(N : M)N = 0$. If $N$ is a $Q$-...

A capillary chromatography system has been developed based on the tube radial distribution of the carrier solvents using an open capillary tube and a water-acetonitrile-ethyl acetate mixture carrier solution. This tube radial distribution chromatography (TRDC) system works under laminar flow conditions. In this study, a phase diagram for the ternary mixture carrier solvents of water, acetonitri...

Metal-based nanoparticles (NPs) are the most widely used engineered nanomaterials. The individual toxicities of metal-based NPs have been plentifully studied. However, the mixture toxicity of multiple NP systems (n ≥ 3) remains much less understood. Herein, the toxicity of titanium dioxide (TiO₂) nanoparticles (NPs), silicon dioxide (SiO₂) NPs and zirconium dioxide (ZrO₂) NPs to unicellular fre...

This article refers to:Studies on Optical Characterization and Nano-Aggregation of Molecules in Ternary Mixture Liquid Crystalline Materials

Mixture toxicity of similar- and dissimilar-acting toxicants can be predicted by the models concentration addition (CA) and independent action (IA) using single substance toxicity data. Knowledge of the toxicants mode of action is thus required in order to use the models. In order to test the predictive capability of the models, we conducted Daphnia magna 48 h immobilization experiments with th...

Mixture toxicity of similarand dissimilar-acting toxicants can be predicted by the models concentration addition (CA) and independent action (IA) using single substance toxicity data. Knowledge of the toxicants mode of action is thus required in order to use the models. In order to test the predictive capability of the models, we conducted Daphnia magna 48 h immobilization experiments with thre...

In this paper we discuss the formulation of the fluctuating Navier-Stokes (FNS) equations for multi-species, non-reactive fluids. In particular, we establish a form suitable for numerical solution of the resulting stochastic partial differential equations. An accurate and efficient numerical scheme, based on our previous methods for single species and binary mixtures, is presented and tested at...

In this paper we discuss the formulation of the fluctuating Navier-Stokes equations for multispecies, nonreactive fluids. In particular, we establish a form suitable for numerical solution of the resulting stochastic partial differential equations. An accurate and efficient numerical scheme, based on our previous methods for single species and binary mixtures, is presented and tested at equilib...